The construction industry is characterized by high occupational risks. Despite advancements in occupational safety (OS) knowledge and engineering equipment, work-related accidents remain significant number. In Poland in 2022, more than 3000 construction workers were injured, with 41 fatalities. Many accidents stem from human error, including fatigue, lack of concentration, non-compliance with safety protocols, misuse of personal protective equipment, and unexpected events. These factors are challenging to measure due to their relation to human psychophysical responses, emphasizing the need for continuous OS development through interdisciplinary research and innovative technologies like eye-trackers (ET). Recent interest in ET for improving OS in construction has been sporadic. This study reviews ET's application in construction safety research, focusing on its potential for real-world use by on-site workers. The research involved analyzing publications from 2015 to Q1 2024, examining publication dynamics, ET types, research group sizes, participant types, and research locations. A total of 39 relevant articles were identified. Most research was laboratory-based, using videos and photographs, with limited on-site testing due to technical and safety constraints. Challenges found during analysis included recruitment difficulties, equipment limitations, and uncontrolled testing conditions. Key questions address why research is primarily laboratory-based despite mobile ET availability, difficulties in recruiting construction workers, and whether current mobile ETs and software are suitable for on-site surveys. Future research should involve larger, diverse participant groups (especially profesionalists), focus on real-world conditions, and ensure ETs are technologically advanced and integrated with other biometric data. Additional unexplored areas include protective equipment, management systems, and specific work conditions like night shifts and extreme temperatures.
