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2020 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

The Role of Fitness Status in the Performance-Enhancing Effects of Dietary Inorganic Nitrate Supplementation: Meta-analysis and Meta-regression Analysis

Authors : Adam Linoby, Sarina Md Yusof, Ahmad Dzulkarnain Ismail, Kalam Azad Isa, Syed Shahbudin Syed Omar, Masshera Jamaludin, Sharifah Maimunah Syed Mud Puad

Published in: Enhancing Health and Sports Performance by Design

Publisher: Springer Singapore

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Abstract

A systematic evaluation of current evidence was conducted to clarify the potential of training status to influence the exercise performance enhancing (ergogenic) effect of dietary inorganic nitrate supplementation. Studies were located via PubMed, ProQuest and SPORTDiscus electronic databases reported according to the guidelines outlined in the statement of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Thirty-four studies met the inclusion criteria (70 trials). Random-effects meta-analyses was conducted, and meta-regressions were performed in a model with a priori potential moderator variables. Subgroup analysis revealed that NO₃^– supplementation was ergogenic in the lowest fitness category (i.e. \( \dot{V}\text{o}_{{2{ \hbox{max} }}} \) < 55.0 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) [standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.17 (95% CI: 0.07 to 0.27, p = 0.001], but elicited no significant effect in the upper realms of fitness category (\( \dot{V}\text{o}_{{2{ \hbox{max} }}} \) > 55.0 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) p > 0.05). Meta-regression revealed that baseline \( \dot{V}\text{o}_{{2{ \hbox{max} }}} \) and supplementation duration was negatively (R² = −0.11, 95% CI: −0.02 to −0.00, p = 0.035) and positively (R² = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.00 to 0.05, p = 0.047) associated with the mean performance change between NO₃^– and control condition, respectively. The current analysis indicates that NO₃^– supplementation can enhance exercise performance with an ergogenic effect more likely in untrained subjects and as the duration of supplementation increases.

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Title: The Role of Fitness Status in the Performance-Enhancing Effects of Dietary Inorganic Nitrate Supplementation: Meta-analysis and Meta-regression Analysis
Authors: Adam Linoby
Sarina Md Yusof
Ahmad Dzulkarnain Ismail
Kalam Azad Isa
Syed Shahbudin Syed Omar
Masshera Jamaludin
Sharifah Maimunah Syed Mud Puad
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Book: Enhancing Health and Sports Performance by Design
Print ISBN: 978-981-15-3269-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-981-15-3270-2

Copyright Year: 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3270-2_44

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