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2022 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

8. The Roles of Hydrogen and Natural Gas as Biofuel Fuel-Additives Towards Attaining Low Carbon Fuel-Systems and High Performing ICEs

Authors : Samuel Eshorame Sanni, Babalola Aisosa Oni

Published in: Greener and Scalable E-fuels for Decarbonization of Transport

Publisher: Springer Singapore

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Abstract

The continuous depletion of the earth’s natural reserves has spurred recent research towards searching for alternative fuels. In addition, it is common knowledge that the conventional gasoline from fossils is associated with high gaseous emissions owing to its hydrocarbon content and high flammability when in contact with air in automobile engines. In recent times, fuels sourced from other sources/biomass such as hydrogen and natural gas have also gained considerable attention as alternative fuels. This has also led to the era of electro/e-fuels which are an emerging class of carbon neutral replacement fuels that have the ability to store electrical energy from renewable sources in inherent chemical bonds of liquid/gaseous fuels. However, the major problem associated with their being commercialized for use in their unblended forms is that of high relative volatilities, very low viscosities, high oxidative instabilities, low engine compatibilities etc. hence, the reason they are adopted as additives in gasoline, also it is important to note that biofuels are currently being exploited for use in diesel engines whereas, their use in spark ignition engines is still currently being exploited due to the fact that they also lack some basic properties listed for hydrogen and natural gas but have higher viscosities and give low carbon emissions. This then implies that the world can begin to look towards adopting biofuels in modified forms by blending them with gasoline/natural gas and hydrogen as done for diesel engines so as to further reduce the carbon emissions, as well as improve the ignition potentials, oxidative stability, viscosities etc. of the fuels towards improving the tendencies for their application in compression ignition engines (ICEs). In modern-day research, the role of hydrogen and compressed natural gas in biofuel cannot be over emphasized owing to the high degree of atomization, improved break thermal efficiency, heat release rate, low carbon emissions as well as moderate peak pressures induced in the fuels. Hence, this chapter will focus on the role of hydrogen and natural gas in biofuels, the blending techniques adopted in mixing NG and H2 with biofuels, their measures of compatibility/property-variations as well as their spray characteristics, and how they related to the carbon contents of these fuel-blends when used in ICEs.

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Metadata
Title
The Roles of Hydrogen and Natural Gas as Biofuel Fuel-Additives Towards Attaining Low Carbon Fuel-Systems and High Performing ICEs
Authors
Samuel Eshorame Sanni
Babalola Aisosa Oni
Copyright Year
2022
Publisher
Springer Singapore
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8344-2_8

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