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2011 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

4. The Tensile Test

Author : Wilko C. Emmens

Published in: Formability

Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Abstract

The tensile test is the most widely used material test. By looking at the tensile test as a forming operation several lessons can be learned. Basic the tensile operation is unstable, and the forming is restricted by an instability that concentrates the formation into a small zone, the neck. The formability is directly related to the amount of work hardening of the material. The forming limit depends also on how much local thinning is allowed. When the instability can be suppressed by whatever means, much higher levels of deformation can be obtained. This is discussed in detail. The chapter ends with an overview of material parameters related to formability.

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previous chapter Definition of Formability
next chapter The Forming Limit Curve
Footnotes
1
Imperfections may be either a local reduction of cross-section area, or a local reduction of yield stress by microscopic defects. The technological effect of both is the same, but in mathematical treatments often a local reduction of cross-section area is used.
 
2
In a tensile test steel does never fracture immediately in the strict manner of speaking. Test shows that even fully-hardened steel shows an amount of plastic strain of 0.5–1%, mostly due to strain-rate hardening. This means that all cases with plastic strain lower than, say, 1% will be treated as ‘fractures immediately’.
 
Literature
1.
A. Taraldsen, Stabilized tensile testing (i.e. without local necking). Materialprüfung.Bd.6 (1964), Nr. 6, juni 1964, p. 189-195
2.
A. Rijken, De trekproef met gelijktijdig walsen. Hoogovens Internal report 10165, March, (1965) (in Dutch)
Metadata
Title
The Tensile Test
Author
Wilko C. Emmens
Copyright Year
2011
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Book
Formability

Print ISBN: 978-3-642-21903-0

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-642-21904-7

Copyright Year: 2011

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21904-7_4

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