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2022 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

4. Thermodynamic Equilibrium

Author : Achim Schmidt

Published in: Technical Thermodynamics for Engineers

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

The principle of thermodynamic equilibrium is essential for further understanding of thermodynamics. Systems that are in thermodynamic equilibrium do not change their state without external influence, i.e. they are fully at rest and the state values do not alter in time.

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previous chapter System and State
next chapter Equations of State
Footnotes
1
This is an assumption. Actually, the pressure inside the system at the bottom is larger than at the interface gas/piston due to gravity. This effect is neglected though. However, this phenomena is investigated in Problem 4.2.
 
2
This thermal energy has already been introduced as heat, see Sect. 2.​2.
 
3
Hence, this requires \(t\rightarrow \infty \), see the very right sketch of Fig. 4.5.
 
4
The fluxes at the system’s border indicate, that the system is permanently forced from outside to be imbalanced with the environment.
 
5
This is part of the lecture Heat and Mass Transfer.
 
6
Thus, the weight of the gas is neglected.
 
7
Consider that temperature is an intensive state value that can initiate a change of state!
 
8
A uniform pressure inside the cylinder is assumed, i.e. the weight of the gas is ignored.
 
Metadata
Title
Thermodynamic EquilibriumEquilibriumthermodynamic
Author
Achim Schmidt
Copyright Year
2022
Book
Technical Thermodynamics for Engineers

Print ISBN: 978-3-030-97149-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-97150-2

Copyright Year: 2022

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97150-2_4

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