Abstract
This paper explores what can be learned from the earthquake performance of simple, unsophisticated, non-engineered timber and masonry historical construction that resists earthquakes compared to that of modern reinforced concrete frame buildings of varying construction quality that are common in much of the world’s seismically active areas. The paper includes an analysis of the observations in the 1930s by American seismic engineer, John Ripley Freeman, about the 1908 Messina-Reggio earthquake and the comparative performance of the 18th century baraccata construction mandated by the Bourbon government after the 1783 Calabria earthquake.