Trends in Bio-Based 3D Concrete Printing: An NLP-Driven Analysis

This chapter delves into the innovative world of 3D concrete printing (3DCP) and its potential to revolutionize the construction industry through the integration of bio-based materials. By replacing traditional concrete ingredients with bio-based alternatives, such as agricultural waste or forestry byproducts, the construction process can become more sustainable, reducing resource demand, energy production, and waste generation. The chapter employs Natural Language Processing (NLP) to analyze a vast database of research articles, identifying current trends and pinpointing areas that require further exploration. The analysis reveals a strong focus on optimizing the rheological and mechanical properties of bio-based concrete 'ink,' as well as the digital fabrication process. However, topics related to life cycle assessment and sustainability are notably underrepresented, indicating a research gap and suggesting that the field is still in its early stages. The chapter also highlights the diversity of bio-based materials being explored, from traditional sources like hemp to emerging alternatives like biochar, and the potential for developing regional bio-based value chains. By providing a comprehensive overview of the field's future directions, this chapter offers valuable insights for researchers and industry professionals seeking to advance the state of the art in bio-based 3D concrete printing.