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Wherefore Art Thou Semantics of Computation? Read chapter Read first chapter

2016 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

Trente ans ou la Vie d′un scientifique

Authors : Vladimir A. Kitov, Valery V. Shilov, Sergey A. Silantiev

Published in: History and Philosophy of Computing

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Anatoly Kitov is one of the outstanding representatives of the first generation of scientists who created Soviet cybernetics, computer engineering and informatics. This paper presents an overview of his more than three decades long attempts to prove to the Soviet leaders the necessity of creation of a nation-wide computer network automated system for the planning and management of the socialist economy. The overview includes a review of Kitov’s appeals to the Communist Party leaders Nikita Khrushchev, Leonid Brezhnev, and Mikhail Gorbachev. For the first time Kitov’s struggle with the Communist Party and Soviet bureaucracy during perestroika is described and some related documents are published as well.

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previous chapter Frege’s Habilitationsschrift: Magnitude, Number and the Problems of Computability
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Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Footnotes
1
Kitov, A.I.: Electronic computing machines (Электронные вычислительные машины). Znanie, Moscow (1958).
 
2
Kitov’s letter to the First Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee and Chairman of the USSR Council of Ministers Nikita Khrushchev from January 7, 1959 is published in A Appendix. The document is published according to the signed and dated author’s copy handed by his family to the Polytechnical Museum of the Russian Federation (f. 228, d. КП27189/20).
 
3
EGSVTs (ЕГСВЦ) – Russian abbreviation for “Edinaya Gosudarstvennaya Set’ Vychislitel’nykh Tsentrov” (Unified State Network of Computer Centers).
 
4
XXI Congress launched the first (and the last) “seven-year country development plan” in the history of the USSR.
 
5
Extraordinary XXI Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Verbatim report, vol. 2, p. 456. Politizdat, Moscow (1959).
 
6
Ibid., p. 468.
 
7
Ibid., p. 487.
 
8
The Minutes of Commission Proceedings have not been yet investigated by specialists, yet they could also be a very valuable historical source.
 
9
Plenum of the CPSU Central Committee. June 24–29, 1959. Verbatim report, p. 508. Politizdat, Moscow (1959).
 
10
ASU (АСУ) – is Russian abbreviation for “Avtomatizirovannaya Sistema Upravleniya” (AMS).
 
11
OGAS (ОГАС) – is Russian abbreviation for “Statewide Automated Management System for Collection and Processing of Information for the Accounting, Planning, and Management of the National Economy”.
 
12
About the background and history of the project see for example [15].
 
13
Gosudarstvennyi komitet po upravleniyu (State Committee for Management).
 
14
Kitov’s letter to the General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee Mikhail Gorbachev from October 9, 1985 is presented in B Appendix. The document is published according to the signed and dated author’s copy storing at the Polytechnic Museum of the Russian Federation (f. 228, d. КП 31862/1-2). We do not publish the Appendices to this letter.
 
15
Chertok, B.E.: Korolev entered the history of mankind. Russian space (Российский космос), 1, 12−15 (2007).
 
Literature
1.
Dolgov, V.A., Shilov, V.V.: The icebreaker. Some pages from biography of Anatoly Ivanovich Kitov (Ледокол. Страницы биографии Анатолия Ивановича Китов). Novye technologii, Moscow (2009)
2.
Shilov, V.V.: Anatoly Ivanovich Kitov’s biography: stages of his life and scientific work (Страницы жизни и научной деятельности Анатолия Ивановича Китова). Sci. Works Free Econ. Soc. Russ. (Tpyды Boльнoгo экoнoмичecкoгo oбщecтвa Poccии) 143, 14–28 (2010)
3.
Kitov, V.A., Shilov, V.V.: Anatoly Kitov - pioneer of Russian informatics. In: Tatnall, A. (ed.) HC 2010. IFIP AICT, vol. 325, pp. 80–88. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)
4.
Ogandzhanyan, S.B., Shilov, V.V.: Anatoly Ivanovich Kitov’s contribution in formation and development of the Russian and world informatics (Bклaд Aнaтoлия Ивaнoвичa Китoвa в cтaнoвлeниe и paзвитиe oтeчecтвeннoй и миpoвoй инфopмaтики). Sci. Works Free Econ. Soc. Russ. (Tpyды Boльнoгo экoнoмичecкoгo oбщecтвa Poccии) 164, 39–47 (2011)
5.
Kitov, V.A., Shilov, V.V.: Anatoly Kitov: technology vs. ideology, the story about first project of nationwide computer network. In: The Second Region 8 IEEE Conference on the History of Telecommunications, pp. 1–3. IEEE (2010)
6.
Kutejnikov, A.V., Shilov, V.V.: Automated management system for the Soviet Union: a 1959 letter from A. I. Kitov to N. S. Khrushchev (ACУ для CCCP: пиcьмo A.И. Китoвa H.C. Xpyщeвy, 1959 г.). Stud. Hist. Sci. Technol. (Boпpocы иcтopии ecтecтвoзнaния и тexники) 3, 45–52 (2011)
7.
Kutejnikov, A.V., Shilov, V.V.: The last attempt to revive the project of the National system of automatic control of the economy (OGAS): A.I. Kitov’s 1985 letter to M.S. Gorbachev (Последняя попытка реанимировать проект Общегосударственной автоматизированной системы управления советской экономикой ОГАС). Письмо А. И. Китова М.С. Горбачёву, 1985 г.). Stud. Hist. Sci. Technol. (Вопросы истории естествознания и техники) 2, 100–109 (2013)
8.
9.
Kitov, V.A., Shilov, V.V., Silantiev, S.A.: Anatoly Kitov and ALGEM algorithmic language. In: AISB/IACAP World Congress, International Symposium on History and Philosophy of Programming, pp. 1–3. Birmingham (2012)
10.
Kitov, V.A.: Computer “Strela” for creating the USSR defense shield (ЭBM “Cтpeлa” пpи coздaнии oбopoннoгo щитa CCCP). In: SORUCOM-2014 (Tpyды SORUCOM-2014), pp. 171–172. Kazan (2014)
11.
Kitov, V.A., Prikhod’ko, A.Y.: The 60th anniversary of Computing Center number 1 of the USSR Ministry of Defense. In: Tomilin, A.N. (ed.) SoRuCom-2014, pp. 45–47. IEEE Computer Society (2014)
12.
Dolgov, V.A.: Kitov Anatoly Ivanovich - pioneer of cybernetics, informatics, and automation control systems (Китoв Aнaтoлий Ивaнoвич - пиoнep кибepнeтики, инфopмaтики и aвтoмaтизиpoвaнныx cиcтeм yпpaвлeния). Plekhanov Russian Academy of Economics, Moscow (2009, 2010)
13.
Tuchkov, V.Y.: Pioneer of digital continent (Пepвoпpoxoдeц цифpoвoгo мaтepикa). Plekhanov Russian Academy of Economics, Moscow (2014)
14.
Neskoromny, V.: The man who brought cybernetics from the secret library (Чeлoвeк, кoтopый вынec кибepнeтикy из ceкpeтнoй библиoтeки). Computerra (Кoмпьютeppa) 43, 44–45 (1996)
15.
Kutejnikov, A.V.: At the beginning of a computer era: the prehistory of the project of the Nationwide automated management system of economy in USSR OGAS
16.
Shilov, V.V.: Anatoly Ivanovich Kitov: the autumn of the Patriarch (Aнaтoлий Ивaнoвич Китoв: oceнь пaтpиapxa). Vestnik Plekhanov Russ. Univ. Econ. (Becтник Poccийcкoгo экoнoмичecкoгo yнивepcитeтa им. Г. B. Плexaнoвa) 4(82), 122–127 (2015)
17.
Gerovitch, S.: InterNyet: why the Soviet Union did not build a nationwide computer network. Hist. Technol. 24(4), 335–350 (2008)CrossRef
18.
Graham, L.R.: Science, philosophy and human behavior in the soviet union. Columbia University Press, New York (1987)
19.
Gerovitch, S.: From Newspeak to Cyberspeak: A History of Soviet Cybernetics. The MIT Press, Cambridge (2002)
Metadata
Title
Trente ans ou la Vie d′un scientifique
Authors
Vladimir A. Kitov
Valery V. Shilov
Sergey A. Silantiev
Copyright Year
2016
Book
History and Philosophy of Computing

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-47285-0

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-47286-7

Copyright Year: 2016

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47286-7_13

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