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2020 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

2. What Is Face Recognition Technology?

Author : Ian Berle

Published in: Face Recognition Technology

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Face recognition technology is one of several biometric tools or modalities used for person identification and verification. Broadly, it is mainly a monitoring and security technology designed to facilitate or control access used by governments, law enforcement agencies, and commerce. It has many other uses already in play, and many others are on the horizon. The chapter begins with a discussion of the technology and is followed with an overview of a few large-scale utilisers of FRT.

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previous chapter Introduction

next chapter Some Ethical and Legal Issues of FRT

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Gates (2011), p. 12.

ibid p. 200.

AADHAAR Unique Identification Authority of India.

Rogers (2016).

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ibid pp. 71–72.

ibid p. 76.

Syed Navaz et al. (2013).

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Lin (2000).

Dangi (n.d.).

Driessen and Dürmuth (2013).

The FERET program started in 1993 and ran until 1997. Sponsored by the Department of Defense (sic) Counterdrug Technology Development Program through the Defense Advanced Research Products Agency. Its primary mission was to develop automatic face recognition algorithms that could be employed to assist security, intelligence and law enforcement personnel. The FERET dataset was assembled to support government monitored testing and evaluation of face recognition algorithms using standardised tests and procedures. The final set of images has 3300 images from 1200 persons, with varying mimical expressions, from different dates, under semi-controlled conditions. The dataset is available for research related to face recognition. Cited by Driessen and Dürmuth (2013).

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Euclidean space is the space in which distances and angles matter.

PCA Principal component analysis is a technique to reduce the complexity of a data set, namely reducing its dimensionality (in some sense, less variables).

Shah Zainudin et al. (2012), p. 51.

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ibid p. 3.

ibid p. 5.

Moghaddam et al. (2000).

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NEC.

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Kant and Sharma (2013).

Acharya and Kasprzyk (2010).

ibid.

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ibid.

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Next Generation Identification.

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FBI ibid.

BI² Technologies.

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Facebook (2011).

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Finextra (2013) Facebanx unveils facial recognition tech for banks. http://www.finextra.com/news/Announcement.aspx?pressreleaseid=49488&topic=mobile. Accessed 7 Aug 2019

Gates KA (2011) Our biometric future: facial recognition technology and the culture of surveillance. New York University Press, New York, p 12CrossRef

Gohringer C (2012) Advances in face recognition technology and its application in airports. http://www.planetbiometrics.com/article-details/i/1214/desc/advances-in-face-recognition-technology-and-its-application-in-airports/. Accessed 7 Aug 2019

Government of Canada International use of biometrics. http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/department/biometrics-international.asp. Accessed 7 Aug 2019

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Gregory P, Simon MA (2008) Biometrics for dummies. Wiley Publishing Inc, Indiapolis, p 22

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Harmel K (2006) Walt Disney World: The Government’s Tomorrowland. http://news21.com/story/2006/09/01/walt_disney_world_the_governments. Accessed 7 Aug 2019

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International Civil Aviation Organisation Machine Readable Travel Documents ICAO Document 9303 part 9 section 4.1 ‘Primary Biometric: Facial Image’ p 7-8. www.icao.int/publications/Documents/9303_p9_cons_en.pdf. Accessed 6 Aug 2019

Kamisher E (2017) Israel transitions to Biometric passports and IDs. Jerusalem Post 1st June 2017. http://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/Israel-transitions-to-Biometric-passports-and-IDs-494535. Accessed 18 Sept 2019

Kant C, Sharma N (2013) Fake face recognition using fusion of thermal imaging and skin elasticity. IJCSCIJ 4(1):65–72. http://www.csjournals.com/IJCSC/PDF4-1/Article_15.pdf. Accessed 7 Aug 2019

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Title: What Is Face Recognition Technology?
Author: Ian Berle
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Book: Face Recognition Technology
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-36886-9

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-36887-6

Copyright Year: 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36887-6_2

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