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Published in:
Analysis in Seismic Provisions for Buildings: Past, Present and Future Read chapter Read first chapter

2018 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

25. What Seismic Risk Do We Design for When We Design Buildings?

Author : Iunio Iervolino

Published in: Recent Advances in Earthquake Engineering in Europe

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

This paper discusses two issues related to the seismic performance of code-conforming structures from the probabilistic standpoint: (i) the risk structures are implicitly exposed to when designed via state-of-the-art codes; (ii) which earthquake scenarios are expected to erode the portion of safety margins determined by elastic seismic actions for these structures. Both issues are addressed using recent research results referring to Italy.
Regarding (i), during the last few years, the Italian earthquake engineering community is putting effort to assess the seismic risk of structures designed according to the code currently enforced in the country, which has extended similarities with Eurocode 8. For the scope of the project, five structural typologies were designed according to standard practice at five sites, spanning a wide range of seismic hazard levels. The seismic risk assessment follows the principles of performance-based earthquake engineering, integrating probabilistic hazard and vulnerability, to get the annual failure rates. Results, although not fully consolidated yet, show risk increasing with hazard and uneven seismic reliability across typologies.
With regard to (ii) it is discussed that, in the case of elastic design actions based on probabilistic hazard analysis (i.e., uniform hazard spectra), exceedance of spectral ordinates can be likely-to-very-likely to happen in the epicentral area of earthquakes, which occur relatively frequently over a country such as Italy. Although this can be intuitive, it means that design spectra, by definition, do not necessarily determine (elastic) design actions that are conservative for earthquakes occurring close to the construction site. In other words, for these scenarios protection is essentially warranted by the rarity with which it is expected they occur close to the structure and further safety margins implicit to earthquake-resistant design (i.e., those discussed in the first part).

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previous chapter Seismic Vulnerability of Classical Monuments
next chapter The 2016–2017 Central Apennines Seismic Sequence: Analogies and Differences with Recent Italian Earthquakes
Footnotes
1
In EC8 the same actions are used for the limit states identified as significant damage and near collapse, respectively.
 
2
Other quantities such as material design characteristics or design loads originate from probabilistic considerations, yet their reflection of the global safety margins of the structure is structure-specific and is not explicitly controlled.
 
4
Base-isolated structures (to follow) are designed for collapse-prevention.
 
5
In fact, in the Italian code spectra are UHS’ approximated by via a simplified EC8-type functional form.
 
6
Note that assessing the performance of some structures required considering spectral accelerations at vibration periods not contemplated by the GMPE of Ambraseys et al. (1996), for these cases that of Akkar and Bommer (2010) was employed.
 
7
Note that the table factually represents the distribution of magnitude and distance one obtains from hazard disaggregation multiplied by 0.0021.
 
8
Consistent with Figure 25.1, the design Sa(T = 1s) map refers to type A EC8 site class.
 
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Metadata
Title
What Seismic Risk Do We Design for When We Design Buildings?
Author
Iunio Iervolino
Copyright Year
2018
Book
Recent Advances in Earthquake Engineering in Europe

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-75740-7

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-75741-4

Copyright Year: 2018

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75741-4_25