Energy-efficient cluster-based routing protocol for heterogeneous wireless sensor network

The sensor nodes in a wireless sensor network are equipped with a limited amount of energy. It is therefore necessary to ensure that the network’s lifespan is extended through efficient use of energy. Using cluster-based routing in wireless sensor networks is one of the most effective ways to deal with energy issues and improve the lifetime of the network. In this paper, an energy-efficient cluster-based routing protocol named Cluster Routing Protocol for Heterogeneous Network (CPHN) is proposed. The proposed CPHN makes use of the initial and residual energy levels of the nodes to select the most energy-efficient node as the cluster head, allowing the wireless sensor network to last longer. The proposed scheme uses the CH selection probability, residual energy, and initial energy of nodes to select the appropriate node as the CH. The simulation result shows that the proposed protocol outperforms various existing clustering protocols in terms of network lifetime, throughput, and stability period.