Enhancing Growth and Suppressing Root Rot in Phaseolus Vulgaris Using Ginger Powder Derived Natural Antifungal Agent for Optimum Disease Control and Crop Health

Utilization of plant derivatives hold potential as a valuable source of bioactive compound for both plant disease control and growth promotion. This study investigated the biological activity of Zingiber officinale extract on Ricinus communis L. Brassica spp., and Lantana camara using different solvents against root-rotting fungi, Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani and Aspergillus flavus, using disc diffusion and agar well diffusion methods. At 100% concentration, both fresh and dried ginger extracts displayed total suppression (100%) of M. phaseolina, F. oxysporum, and A. flavus, with no apparent fungal growth. In comparison to the disc approach, the agar well method consistently yielded higher zone of inhibition. On the other hand, fungal overgrowth was noted, and no antifungal activity was demonstrated by ethanol-extracts of Lantana camara, Brassica nigra, and Ricinus communis. When compared to untreated controls, in vivo seeds treated with 100% fresh and dried ginger extracts dramatically increased root rot pathogen colonization by over 80%. A substantial decrease in pathogen colonization was also seen after 100% extracts were soaked in soil. When ginger-treated seeds were combined with soil amendments, biomass, shoot length, and root length significantly enhanced. Dry ginger + fudan application increased 38% shoot length, whereas dry ginger + DAP resulted in a 41% rise in root weight. When soil amendment with 0.5 fresh ginger powder, the greatest decrease in fungal colonization (up to 95%) was observed. Applying ginger at 100% concentration is an efficient, environmentally friendly approach for P. vulgaris. root rot illnesses and enhanced plant growth.