Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Journal of Business Ethics 4/2015

01.06.2015

Ethical Judgment and Radical Business Changes: The Role of Entrepreneurial Perspicacity

verfasst von: Massimiliano Matteo Pellegrini, Cristiano Ciappei

Erschienen in: Journal of Business Ethics | Ausgabe 4/2015

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

This study examines the implications of practical reason for entrepreneurial activities. Our study is based on Thomas Aquinas’ interpretation of such virtue, with a particular focus on the partition of practical reason in potential parts such as synesis, or common sense, and gnome, or perspicacity. Since entrepreneurial acts and actions deal with extremely uncertain situations, we argue that only this perspicacity, as the ability of correctly judging in exceptional cases, has the power to find wisdom under such blurred conditions. Perspicacity frees entrepreneurs from their cognitive schemata rendering them able to be truly entrepreneurial. Based on this vision and thanks to a semantic analysis of the meaning of the Greek word gnome, we construct an interpretative model for entrepreneurial judgment composed of three dimensions, specifically, knowledge-cognitive, external-affective and personal-reflective. The model highlights how a ‘successful’ entrepreneurial judgment is also such from a holistic point of view.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Fußnoten
1
From now on we will use the word ‘perspicacity’ interchangeably with ‘gnome’ and the word ‘common sense’ interchangeably with ‘synesis’. In particular, the Biblical Greek transliterations have been mainly maintained from a philosophical perspective, while in contexts of a more entrepreneurial nature we have tended to use the translated expressions.
 
2
The debate on such partition has evolved during the centuries up today (for a recent evolution of the discipline see, Husserl 1973; Simons 1991; Smith and Smith 1995). However, in this work, we will take into account only the thoughts of Aquinas and the medieval perspective on the subject, despite the fact that this classification has evolved and been partially criticised. However, a long discussion on the proper assignation of gnome to PR is beyond the scope of this paper. Future works could study the problem solving process with a holistic approach in order to blend virtuously euboulia and synesis or gnome and PR.
 
3
Entrepreneurial orientation is typically characterized either by a three-dimensional concept where key factors are innovation, risk-taking, proactivity (Miller 1983) or by a more complex model where also autonomy and aggressiveness are added to the original three key factors (Lumpkin and Dess 1996; Covin and Lumpkin 2011).
 
4
The study of synesis and its applications is beyond the scope of this paper. However, a judgment of alternatives (iudicio electionis) based on common sense contributes to structure the balance of fair routines, and thus it is clearly necessary to achieve prosperity and sustainability of a business, especially in more stable phases.
 
5
The entrepreneurs here considered as ‘successful’ are not ‘categorically’ better than their peers. Rather their faculties of judgment are more oriented by gnome than synesis and thus in the composition of their virtue of PR as a potential whole, gnome plays a relevant role. In practical terms, it has been proved that successful entrepreneurs employ an approach similar to our model of judgment (Dew et al. 2009), confirming the foundation of our claims. We are thankful to one of the anonymous reviewers for the comment on this aspect.
 
6
For a review of the topic, see the special issue of 2011 “The Encyclical-letter ‘Caritas in Veritate’: Ethical Challenges for Business”, Journal of Business Ethics 100(supplement 1).
 
7
This particular part of the study was possible thanks to the collaboration of some university lecturers in ancient and foreign languages (Biblical Greek, English, French, German, and Spanish) who have kindly participated in this project. Each lecturer offered suitable translations, either in English or in Italian, for the analysed paragraph. Then, the English lecturer together with the authors revised and corrected the nearest translations.
 
8
We have found categories that may be similar to an extensive definition of PR (S.Th., IIª-IIae, q. 48, a.1). However, we also defined the function of gnome with regarding to PR and the borders of the two. Gnome governs an intellective act without a final command/execution. For the sake of clarity, in the definition of our dimensions, we have also reported terminology taken from the Three-Dimensional wisdom scale (Clayton and Birren 1980; Ardelt 2004). This scale attempts to measure three characteristics of wise people: cognitive as knowledgeable, experienced, intelligent, pragmatic, and observant; affective as understanding, empathic, peaceful, and gentle and reflective as introspective and intuitive. This classification, in fundamental terms, seems to replicate our findings. However, this scale refers to PR in general, thus it could lead to misleading interpretations of our dimensions that instead only refer to gnome or perspicacity.
 
9
The model suggests that the first step of the judgment based on perspicacity is moral reasoning followed by moral sensitivity. However, in recent evolutions of the pertinent literature, this sequential approach has been criticised (e.g., Haidt 2001; Zhong 2011). Moral sensitivity is seen as an almost ‘instinctual’ reaction that later is channelled into a more conscious discourse thanks to the moral reasoning. Regardless of what sequence is assumed to be true, this does not invalidate our model. Both insights, coming from moral reasoning and sensitivity, are then recomposed into the personal-reflective dimension that creates final scenarios for each alternative, forming the base of moral imagination (Carroll 1980; Buchholz and Rosenthal 2005).
 
10
For a complete explanation of effectual logic, see Sarasvathy (2001) and Sarasvathy and Dew (2005)
 
11
The entrepreneur was awarded the ‘Italian Entrepreneur of the Year’ in 2002. This event is sponsored and organized by the financial services company Ernst & Young. The selection criteria usually are: entrepreneurial spirit, performance, strategic leadership, global environmental impact, innovation, and personal integrity. The ‘Hall of Fame’ of this event can be viewed at www.​ey.​com.
 
12
For this patent and his continuous commitment to innovation, Moretti-Polegato was nominated for a life-time achievement award at the European Inventor award ceremony in 2012, sponsored by CNBC in partnership with the Financial Times.
 
Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Acevedo, A. (2012). Personalist business ethics and humanistic management: Insights from Jacques Maritain. Journal of Business Ethics, 105(2), 197–219.CrossRef Acevedo, A. (2012). Personalist business ethics and humanistic management: Insights from Jacques Maritain. Journal of Business Ethics, 105(2), 197–219.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Alberti, A. (2008). L’Arte del Vivere: Aspetti dell’Etica Aristotelica ed Epicurea. Genoa: Il Melangolo. Alberti, A. (2008). L’Arte del Vivere: Aspetti dell’Etica Aristotelica ed Epicurea. Genoa: Il Melangolo.
Zurück zum Zitat Aquinas T. (1947). Summa Theologiea, Trans. Fathers of the English Dominican Province. New York: Benzinger Press. Aquinas T. (1947). Summa Theologiea, Trans. Fathers of the English Dominican Province. New York: Benzinger Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Aquinas T. (1951). Commentary on Aristotle’s De Anima, (K. Foster and S. Humphries, Trans.). New Haven, MA: Yale University Press. Aquinas T. (1951). Commentary on Aristotle’s De Anima, (K. Foster and S. Humphries, Trans.). New Haven, MA: Yale University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Aquinas, T. (1964). Commentary on the Nicomachean Ethics (C. I. Litzinger, Trans.). Chicago: Henry Regnery Company. Aquinas, T. (1964). Commentary on the Nicomachean Ethics (C. I. Litzinger, Trans.). Chicago: Henry Regnery Company.
Zurück zum Zitat Ardelt, M. (2004). Wisdom as expert knowledge system: A critical review of a contemporary operationalization of an ancient concept. Human Development, 47, 257–285.CrossRef Ardelt, M. (2004). Wisdom as expert knowledge system: A critical review of a contemporary operationalization of an ancient concept. Human Development, 47, 257–285.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Argandoña, A. (2011). Beyond contracts: Love in firms. Journal of Business Ethics, 99(1), 77–85.CrossRef Argandoña, A. (2011). Beyond contracts: Love in firms. Journal of Business Ethics, 99(1), 77–85.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Aristotle. (1824). L’Ethique a Nicomaque (F. Thurot, Trans.). Paris: Editions Firmin Didot. Aristotle. (1824). L’Ethique a Nicomaque (F. Thurot, Trans.). Paris: Editions Firmin Didot.
Zurück zum Zitat Aristotle. (1911). Die Nikomachische Ethik, (E. Rolfes, Trans.). F. Meiner, Leipzig. Aristotle. (1911). Die Nikomachische Ethik, (E. Rolfes, Trans.). F. Meiner, Leipzig.
Zurück zum Zitat Aristotle. (1918). La Ética de Aristóles (P. S. Abril, Trans.). Madrid: Real Academia de Ciencias Morales y Políticas. Aristotle. (1918). La Ética de Aristóles (P. S. Abril, Trans.). Madrid: Real Academia de Ciencias Morales y Políticas.
Zurück zum Zitat Aristotle. (1923). The ethics of Aristotle (J. E. C. Welldon, Trans.). London: MacMillan & Co., (original. ed., 1908). Aristotle. (1923). The ethics of Aristotle (J. E. C. Welldon, Trans.). London: MacMillan & Co., (original. ed., 1908).
Zurück zum Zitat Aristotle. (1931). Ética a Nicòmaco (F.G. Palés, Trans.). Madrid: De L. Rubio. Aristotle. (1931). Ética a Nicòmaco (F.G. Palés, Trans.). Madrid: De L. Rubio.
Zurück zum Zitat Aristotle. (1949). L’Etica Nicomachea (G. Dal Sasso, Trans.). Padua: Tipografie Del Seminario. Aristotle. (1949). L’Etica Nicomachea (G. Dal Sasso, Trans.). Padua: Tipografie Del Seminario.
Zurück zum Zitat Aristotle. (1961). De Anima (W. D. Ross, Trans.). Oxford: Clarendon Press. Aristotle. (1961). De Anima (W. D. Ross, Trans.). Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Aristotle. (1968). Nicomachean Ethics (H. Rackham, Trans.). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Aristotle. (1968). Nicomachean Ethics (H. Rackham, Trans.). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Aristotle. (1970). L’Ethique a Nicomaque (R. A. Gauthier & J. Y. Jolif, Trans.). Louvain: Publications Universitaires. Aristotle. (1970). L’Ethique a Nicomaque (R. A. Gauthier & J. Y. Jolif, Trans.). Louvain: Publications Universitaires.
Zurück zum Zitat Aristotle. (1979). L’Ethique a Nicomaque (J. Tricot, Trans.). Vrin, Paris. Aristotle. (1979). L’Ethique a Nicomaque (J. Tricot, Trans.). Vrin, Paris.
Zurück zum Zitat Aristotle. (1993). Etica Nicomachea (C. Mazzarelli, Trans.). Milan: Rusconi Libri. Aristotle. (1993). Etica Nicomachea (C. Mazzarelli, Trans.). Milan: Rusconi Libri.
Zurück zum Zitat Aristotle. (1994). Etica Nicomachea (A. Plebe, Trans.). CDE: Milan. Aristotle. (1994). Etica Nicomachea (A. Plebe, Trans.). CDE: Milan.
Zurück zum Zitat Aristotle. (1996). Etiche (L. Caiani, Trans.). Turin: UTET. Aristotle. (1996). Etiche (L. Caiani, Trans.). Turin: UTET.
Zurück zum Zitat Aristotle. (1998). Nicomachean Ethics (W. D. Ross, Trans.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Aristotle. (1998). Nicomachean Ethics (W. D. Ross, Trans.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Aristotle. (1999). Etica Nicomachea (C. Natali, Trans.). Bari: Ed. Laterza. Aristotle. (1999). Etica Nicomachea (C. Natali, Trans.). Bari: Ed. Laterza.
Zurück zum Zitat Aristotle. (2002a). Etica Nicomachea (M. Zanatta, Trans.). Milan: BUR Rizzoli. Aristotle. (2002a). Etica Nicomachea (M. Zanatta, Trans.). Milan: BUR Rizzoli.
Zurück zum Zitat Aristotle. (2002b). Nicomachean Ethics (C. Rowe, Trans.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Aristotle. (2002b). Nicomachean Ethics (C. Rowe, Trans.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Aristotle. (2008). Die Nikomachische Ethik (A. Lasson, Trans.). Munich: Ravensburg Grinverl. Aristotle. (2008). Die Nikomachische Ethik (A. Lasson, Trans.). Munich: Ravensburg Grinverl.
Zurück zum Zitat Arjoon, S. (2008). Reconciling situational social psychology with virtue ethics. International Journal of Management Reviews, 10(3), 221–243.CrossRef Arjoon, S. (2008). Reconciling situational social psychology with virtue ethics. International Journal of Management Reviews, 10(3), 221–243.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Arjoon, S. (2010). Aristotelian-Thomistic virtue ethics, emotional intelligence and decision-making. Advances in Management, 3(4), 7–13. Arjoon, S. (2010). Aristotelian-Thomistic virtue ethics, emotional intelligence and decision-making. Advances in Management, 3(4), 7–13.
Zurück zum Zitat Bastons, M. (2008). The role of virtues in the framing of decisions. Journal of Business Ethics, 78(3), 389–400.CrossRef Bastons, M. (2008). The role of virtues in the framing of decisions. Journal of Business Ethics, 78(3), 389–400.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Boethius, A. M. S. (1998). De Divisione. Critical edition, translation, prolegomena and commentary (J. Magee, Trans.). Leiden: Brill. Boethius, A. M. S. (1998). De Divisione. Critical edition, translation, prolegomena and commentary (J. Magee, Trans.). Leiden: Brill.
Zurück zum Zitat Bradley, D. J. M. (1997). Aquinas on the twofold human good. Washington DC: Catholic University Press. Bradley, D. J. M. (1997). Aquinas on the twofold human good. Washington DC: Catholic University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Broadie, S. (1991). Ethics with Aristotle. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Broadie, S. (1991). Ethics with Aristotle. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Buchholz, R. A., & Rosenthal, S. B. (2005). The spirit of entrepreneurship and the qualities of moral decision making. Journal of Business Ethics, 60(3), 307–315.CrossRef Buchholz, R. A., & Rosenthal, S. B. (2005). The spirit of entrepreneurship and the qualities of moral decision making. Journal of Business Ethics, 60(3), 307–315.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Cajetan (or Thomas de Vio) (1981). Commentarius Sancti Thomae Aquinatis, Summa Theologiea in Opera Omnia iussa edita Leonis XIII p.m. Rome: Typographia polygotta. Cajetan (or Thomas de Vio) (1981). Commentarius Sancti Thomae Aquinatis, Summa Theologiea in Opera Omnia iussa edita Leonis XIII p.m. Rome: Typographia polygotta.
Zurück zum Zitat Caiani, L. (1998). Lettura all’ Etica Nicomachea di Aristotele. Turin: UTET. Caiani, L. (1998). Lettura all’ Etica Nicomachea di Aristotele. Turin: UTET.
Zurück zum Zitat Camuffo, A., Furlan, A., Romano, P., & Vinelli, A. (2008). Breathing shoes and complementarities: Strategic innovation in a mature industry. International Journal of Innovation Management, 12(2), 139–160.CrossRef Camuffo, A., Furlan, A., Romano, P., & Vinelli, A. (2008). Breathing shoes and complementarities: Strategic innovation in a mature industry. International Journal of Innovation Management, 12(2), 139–160.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Carroll, A. (1980). In search of the moral manager. Business Horizons, 30, 7–25.CrossRef Carroll, A. (1980). In search of the moral manager. Business Horizons, 30, 7–25.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Cessario, R. (2002). The virtues, or the examined life. New York: Continuum. Cessario, R. (2002). The virtues, or the examined life. New York: Continuum.
Zurück zum Zitat Christensen, C. M., & Bower, J. L. (1996). Customer power, strategic investment, and the failure of leading firms. Strategic Management Journal, 17(3), 197–218.CrossRef Christensen, C. M., & Bower, J. L. (1996). Customer power, strategic investment, and the failure of leading firms. Strategic Management Journal, 17(3), 197–218.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ciappei, C., & Simoni, C. (2005). Drivers of new product success in the Italian sport shoe cluster of Montebelluna. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 9(1), 20–42.CrossRef Ciappei, C., & Simoni, C. (2005). Drivers of new product success in the Italian sport shoe cluster of Montebelluna. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 9(1), 20–42.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Clarke, J., & Holt, R. (2010). Reflective judgment: Understanding entrepreneurship as ethical practice. Journal of Business Ethics, 94(3), 317–331.CrossRef Clarke, J., & Holt, R. (2010). Reflective judgment: Understanding entrepreneurship as ethical practice. Journal of Business Ethics, 94(3), 317–331.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Clayton, V. P., & Birren, J. E. (1980). The development of wisdom across the life-span: A reexamination of an ancient topic. In P. B. Baltes & O. G. J. Brim (Eds.), Life-span development and behavior, vol. 3 (pp. 103–135). New York: Academic Press. Clayton, V. P., & Birren, J. E. (1980). The development of wisdom across the life-span: A reexamination of an ancient topic. In P. B. Baltes & O. G. J. Brim (Eds.), Life-span development and behavior, vol. 3 (pp. 103–135). New York: Academic Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Cornwall, J. R., & Naughton, M. J. (2003). Who is the good entrepreneur? an exploration within the catholic social tradition. Journal of Business Ethics, 44(1), 61–75.CrossRef Cornwall, J. R., & Naughton, M. J. (2003). Who is the good entrepreneur? an exploration within the catholic social tradition. Journal of Business Ethics, 44(1), 61–75.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Covin, J. G., & Lumpkin, G. T. (2011). Entrepreneurial orientation theory and research: Reflections on a needed construct. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 35(5), 1042–2587.CrossRef Covin, J. G., & Lumpkin, G. T. (2011). Entrepreneurial orientation theory and research: Reflections on a needed construct. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 35(5), 1042–2587.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Covin, J. G., & Slevin, D. P. (1991). A conceptual model for entrepreneurial firm behaviour. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 16(1), 7–24. Covin, J. G., & Slevin, D. P. (1991). A conceptual model for entrepreneurial firm behaviour. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 16(1), 7–24.
Zurück zum Zitat D’Aveni, R. A., & MacMillan, I. C. (1990). Crisis and the content of managerial communications: A study of the focus of attention of top managers in surviving and failing firms. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(4), 634–657.CrossRef D’Aveni, R. A., & MacMillan, I. C. (1990). Crisis and the content of managerial communications: A study of the focus of attention of top managers in surviving and failing firms. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(4), 634–657.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Dew, N., Read, S., Sarasvathy, S. D., & Wiltbank, R. (2009). Effectual versus predictive logics in entrepreneurial decision-making: Differences between experts and novices. Journal of Business Venturing, 24(4), 287–309.CrossRef Dew, N., Read, S., Sarasvathy, S. D., & Wiltbank, R. (2009). Effectual versus predictive logics in entrepreneurial decision-making: Differences between experts and novices. Journal of Business Venturing, 24(4), 287–309.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Dew, N., & Sarasvathy, S. D. (2007). Innovations, stakeholders and entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Ethics, 74(3), 267–283.CrossRef Dew, N., & Sarasvathy, S. D. (2007). Innovations, stakeholders and entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Ethics, 74(3), 267–283.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Dunham, L. C. (2010). From rational to wise action: Recasting our theories of entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Ethics, 92(4), 513–530.CrossRef Dunham, L. C. (2010). From rational to wise action: Recasting our theories of entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Ethics, 92(4), 513–530.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Eggers, J. P., & Kaplan, S. (2013). Cognition and capabilities. Academy of Management Annals, 7(1), 293–338.CrossRef Eggers, J. P., & Kaplan, S. (2013). Cognition and capabilities. Academy of Management Annals, 7(1), 293–338.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ericsson, K. A., & Charness, N. (1994). Expert performance. American Psychologist, 49(8), 725–747.CrossRef Ericsson, K. A., & Charness, N. (1994). Expert performance. American Psychologist, 49(8), 725–747.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Fazzi, R. (1984). Il Governo d’Impresa, vol. II. Milan: Giuffré. Fazzi, R. (1984). Il Governo d’Impresa, vol. II. Milan: Giuffré.
Zurück zum Zitat Freeman, R. E. (1994). The politics of stakeholder theory. Business Ethics Quarterly, 4(4), 409–421.CrossRef Freeman, R. E. (1994). The politics of stakeholder theory. Business Ethics Quarterly, 4(4), 409–421.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat George, B. (2003). Authentic leadership: Rediscovering the secrets of creating lasting value. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. George, B. (2003). Authentic leadership: Rediscovering the secrets of creating lasting value. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Zurück zum Zitat Gifford, S. (1992). Allocation of entrepreneurial attention. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 19(3), 265–284.CrossRef Gifford, S. (1992). Allocation of entrepreneurial attention. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 19(3), 265–284.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Goodpaster, K. E. (2011). Goods that are truly good and services that truly serve: reflections on “Caritas in Veritate”. Journal of Business Ethics, 100(Supplement 1), 9–16.CrossRef Goodpaster, K. E. (2011). Goods that are truly good and services that truly serve: reflections on “Caritas in Veritate”. Journal of Business Ethics, 100(Supplement 1), 9–16.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Grassl, W. (2010). Aquinas on management and its development. Journal of Management Development, 29(7/8), 706–715.CrossRef Grassl, W. (2010). Aquinas on management and its development. Journal of Management Development, 29(7/8), 706–715.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Haidt, J. (2001). The emotional dog and its rational tail: A social intuitionist approach to moral judgment. Psychological Review, 108(4), 814–834.CrossRef Haidt, J. (2001). The emotional dog and its rational tail: A social intuitionist approach to moral judgment. Psychological Review, 108(4), 814–834.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hartman, E. H. (2008). Socratic questions and Aristotelian answers: A virtue-based approach to business ethics. Journal of Business Ethics, 78(3), 313–328.CrossRef Hartman, E. H. (2008). Socratic questions and Aristotelian answers: A virtue-based approach to business ethics. Journal of Business Ethics, 78(3), 313–328.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Helfat, C. E., Finkelstein, S., Mitchell, W., Peteraf, M. A., Singh H., Teece, D. J., & Winter, S. G. (2007). Dynamic capabilities. Understanding strategic change in the organizations. Malden MA: Blackwell Publishing. Helfat, C. E., Finkelstein, S., Mitchell, W., Peteraf, M. A., Singh H., Teece, D. J., & Winter, S. G. (2007). Dynamic capabilities. Understanding strategic change in the organizations. Malden MA: Blackwell Publishing.
Zurück zum Zitat Huff, A. S. (1990). Mapping strategic thought. New York: Wiley. Huff, A. S. (1990). Mapping strategic thought. New York: Wiley.
Zurück zum Zitat Husserl, E. (1973). Logical investigation. London: Routledge (original ed. 1900). Husserl, E. (1973). Logical investigation. London: Routledge (original ed. 1900).
Zurück zum Zitat Kaplan, S. (2008). Framing contests: Strategy making under uncertainty. Organization Science, 19(5), 729–752.CrossRef Kaplan, S. (2008). Framing contests: Strategy making under uncertainty. Organization Science, 19(5), 729–752.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kirzner, I. (1973). Competition and entrepreneurship. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Kirzner, I. (1973). Competition and entrepreneurship. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Knight, F. H. (1921). Risk, uncertainty and profit. New York: Harper & Row. Knight, F. H. (1921). Risk, uncertainty and profit. New York: Harper & Row.
Zurück zum Zitat Kor, Y. Y., Mahoney, J. T., & Michael, S. C. (2007). Resources, capabilities, and entrepreneurial perceptions. Journal of Management Studies, 44(7), 1187–1212.CrossRef Kor, Y. Y., Mahoney, J. T., & Michael, S. C. (2007). Resources, capabilities, and entrepreneurial perceptions. Journal of Management Studies, 44(7), 1187–1212.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kraut, R. (1991). Aristotle on the human good. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Kraut, R. (1991). Aristotle on the human good. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Krueger, N. F. (2007). What lies beneath? The experiential essence of entrepreneurial thinking. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 31(1), 123–138.CrossRef Krueger, N. F. (2007). What lies beneath? The experiential essence of entrepreneurial thinking. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 31(1), 123–138.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G. (1996). Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance. Academy of Management Review, 21(1), 135–172. Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G. (1996). Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance. Academy of Management Review, 21(1), 135–172.
Zurück zum Zitat MacIntyre, A. (1984). After virtue. Notre Dame, FR: University of Notre Dame Press. MacIntyre, A. (1984). After virtue. Notre Dame, FR: University of Notre Dame Press.
Zurück zum Zitat March, J. G. (1991). Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning. Organization Science, 2(1), 71–87.CrossRef March, J. G. (1991). Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning. Organization Science, 2(1), 71–87.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Melé, D. (2009). Integrating personalism into virtue-based business ethics: The personalist and the common good principles. Journal of Business Ethics, 88(1), 227–244.CrossRef Melé, D. (2009). Integrating personalism into virtue-based business ethics: The personalist and the common good principles. Journal of Business Ethics, 88(1), 227–244.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Melé, D. (2010). Practical wisdom in managerial decision making. Journal of Management Development, 29(7), 637–645. Melé, D. (2010). Practical wisdom in managerial decision making. Journal of Management Development, 29(7), 637–645.
Zurück zum Zitat Melé, D., Argandoña, A., & Sánchez-Runde, C. (2011). Facing the crisis: Towards a new humanistic synthesis for business. Journal of Business Ethics, 99(1), 1–4.CrossRef Melé, D., Argandoña, A., & Sánchez-Runde, C. (2011). Facing the crisis: Towards a new humanistic synthesis for business. Journal of Business Ethics, 99(1), 1–4.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Miller, D. (1983). The correlates of entrepreneurship in three types of firms. Management Science, 29(7), 770–791.CrossRef Miller, D. (1983). The correlates of entrepreneurship in three types of firms. Management Science, 29(7), 770–791.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Murphy, P. Rev. (2006). Prudential gnome, right judgments and diagnostic test. Linacre Quarterly, 73(2), 190–193. Murphy, P. Rev. (2006). Prudential gnome, right judgments and diagnostic test. Linacre Quarterly, 73(2), 190–193.
Zurück zum Zitat Nonaka, I., & Toyama, R. (2007). Strategic management as distributed practical wisdom (Phronesis). Industrial and Corporate Change, 16(3), 371–394.CrossRef Nonaka, I., & Toyama, R. (2007). Strategic management as distributed practical wisdom (Phronesis). Industrial and Corporate Change, 16(3), 371–394.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Novak, M. (1993). The catholic ethic and the spirit of capitalism. New York: Free Press. Novak, M. (1993). The catholic ethic and the spirit of capitalism. New York: Free Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Penrose, E. T. (1959). The theory of the growth of the firm. New York: Wiley. Penrose, E. T. (1959). The theory of the growth of the firm. New York: Wiley.
Zurück zum Zitat Rauch, A., Wiklund, J., Lumpkin, G. T., & Frese, M. (2009). Entrepreneurial orientation and business performance: An assessment of past research and suggestions for the future. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(3), 761–787.CrossRef Rauch, A., Wiklund, J., Lumpkin, G. T., & Frese, M. (2009). Entrepreneurial orientation and business performance: An assessment of past research and suggestions for the future. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(3), 761–787.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Rodríquez-Luño, A. (1997). La Virtù dell’Epicheia. Teoria, Storia e Applicazione (I). Dalla Grecia Classica fino a F. Suárez’. Acta Philosophica, VI, 197–236. Rodríquez-Luño, A. (1997). La Virtù dell’Epicheia. Teoria, Storia e Applicazione (I). Dalla Grecia Classica fino a F. Suárez’. Acta Philosophica, VI, 197–236.
Zurück zum Zitat Sambrotta, E. (2009). Azienda di Largo Respiro: Intervista a Mario Moretti-Polegato. Dirigente, 6(June), 6–11. Sambrotta, E. (2009). Azienda di Largo Respiro: Intervista a Mario Moretti-Polegato. Dirigente, 6(June), 6–11.
Zurück zum Zitat Sammarra, A., & Belussi, F. (2006). Evolution and relocation in fashion-led Italian districts: Evidence from two case-studies. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 18(6), 543–562.CrossRef Sammarra, A., & Belussi, F. (2006). Evolution and relocation in fashion-led Italian districts: Evidence from two case-studies. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 18(6), 543–562.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Sarasvathy, S. D. (2001). Causation and effectuation: Toward a theoretical shift from economic inevitability to entrepreneurial contingency. Academy of Management Review, 26(2), 243–263. Sarasvathy, S. D. (2001). Causation and effectuation: Toward a theoretical shift from economic inevitability to entrepreneurial contingency. Academy of Management Review, 26(2), 243–263.
Zurück zum Zitat Sarasvathy, S. D., & Dew, N. (2005). Toward a technology of foolishness: Alternative logics embodied in entrepreneurial action. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 21(4), 385–406.CrossRef Sarasvathy, S. D., & Dew, N. (2005). Toward a technology of foolishness: Alternative logics embodied in entrepreneurial action. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 21(4), 385–406.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Schumpeter, J. (1934). The theory of economic development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Schumpeter, J. (1934). The theory of economic development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Simons, P. M. (1991). Part/whole II: Mereology since 1900. In H. Burkhardt & B. Smith (Eds.), Handbook of metaphysics and ontology (pp. 209–210). Munich: Philosophia. Simons, P. M. (1991). Part/whole II: Mereology since 1900. In H. Burkhardt & B. Smith (Eds.), Handbook of metaphysics and ontology (pp. 209–210). Munich: Philosophia.
Zurück zum Zitat Sison, A., & Fontrodona, F. J. (2012). The common good of the firm in the Aristotelian-Thomistic tradition. Business Ethics Quarterly, 22(2), 211–246.CrossRef Sison, A., & Fontrodona, F. J. (2012). The common good of the firm in the Aristotelian-Thomistic tradition. Business Ethics Quarterly, 22(2), 211–246.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Smith, B., & Smith, D. W. (1995). The Cambridge companion to Husserl. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef Smith, B., & Smith, D. W. (1995). The Cambridge companion to Husserl. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Starbuck, W. H., Greve, A., & Hedberg, B. L. T. (1978). Responding to crisis. Journal of Business Administration, 9(2), 112–137. Starbuck, W. H., Greve, A., & Hedberg, B. L. T. (1978). Responding to crisis. Journal of Business Administration, 9(2), 112–137.
Zurück zum Zitat Sternberg, R. J. (1990). Wisdom and its relations to intelligence and creativity. In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), Wisdom: Its nature, origins, and development (pp. 142–159). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef Sternberg, R. J. (1990). Wisdom and its relations to intelligence and creativity. In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), Wisdom: Its nature, origins, and development (pp. 142–159). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Teece, D. J., Pisano, G., & Shuen, A. (1997). Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, 18(7), 509–533.CrossRef Teece, D. J., Pisano, G., & Shuen, A. (1997). Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, 18(7), 509–533.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Thaler, R. H. (2000). From homo economics to homo sapiens. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 14(1), 133–141.CrossRef Thaler, R. H. (2000). From homo economics to homo sapiens. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 14(1), 133–141.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Walsh, J. P. (1995). Managerial and organizational cognition: Notes from a trip down memory lane. Organization Science, 6(3), 280–321.CrossRef Walsh, J. P. (1995). Managerial and organizational cognition: Notes from a trip down memory lane. Organization Science, 6(3), 280–321.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Westberg, D. (1994). Right practical reason: Aristotle, action, and Prudence in Aquinas. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Westberg, D. (1994). Right practical reason: Aristotle, action, and Prudence in Aquinas. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Westberg, D. (1994–1995). The relation between positive and natural law in Aquinas. Journal of Law and Religion, 11(1), 1–22. Westberg, D. (1994–1995). The relation between positive and natural law in Aquinas. Journal of Law and Religion, 11(1), 1–22.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhong, C.-B. (2011). The ethical dangers of deliberative decision making. Administrative Science Quarterly, 56(1), 1–25.CrossRef Zhong, C.-B. (2011). The ethical dangers of deliberative decision making. Administrative Science Quarterly, 56(1), 1–25.CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Ethical Judgment and Radical Business Changes: The Role of Entrepreneurial Perspicacity
verfasst von
Massimiliano Matteo Pellegrini
Cristiano Ciappei
Publikationsdatum
01.06.2015
Verlag
Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in
Journal of Business Ethics / Ausgabe 4/2015
Print ISSN: 0167-4544
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-0697
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-013-1988-4

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 4/2015

Journal of Business Ethics 4/2015 Zur Ausgabe