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Social Indicators Research

Erschienen in:

03.10.2016

Ethnic Diversity and Health Outcomes

verfasst von: Sefa Awaworyi Churchill, Janet Exornam Ocloo, Diana Siawor-Robertson

Erschienen in: Social Indicators Research | Ausgabe 3/2017

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Abstract

This study hypothesizes a relationship between ethnic diversity and health outcomes. We explore the effects of ethnic and linguistic heterogeneity (measured by indices of ethnic and linguistic fractionalization) on various health outcomes in a cross-section of 91 countries. We explore outcomes relating to four major categories of health: (1) immunization rates, (2) prevalence of diseases, (3) life expectancy and mortality rates, and (4) health related infrastructure and staff. Across all dimensions examined, evidence suggests that higher heterogeneity is bad for health outcomes. We explore several potential mechanisms which could explain the observed negative effects of ethnic and linguistic diversity on health.

Vorheriger Artikel Non-Economic Quality of Life and Population Density in South Africa

Nächster Artikel Rural-to-urban Migration and Rising Evaluation Standards for Subjective Social Status in Contemporary China

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Detailed discussion on instrument and its composition can be found in Ahlerup and Olsson (2012). We further supplement the conventional 2SLS regressions with the Lewbel 2SLS which uses internally generated instruments, and propensity score matching (PSM). Given space constraints, we present details of the Lewbel (2SLS) and PSM methodologies in the online appendix.

Results for robustness exercises are also reported in the online appendix.

The inclusion of trust, social network and discrimination in our cross-section regression significantly reduces the number of observation thus making it difficult to make meaningful inferences. We therefore use the mixed effect panel regressions to test the effects of these variables on health outcomes. Also, the social networks variable is dropped from this regression due to a high correlation with trust. For brevity, we report results for regressions with ethnic fractionalization only. Note that the effects of potential channels remain the same in both specification given that only the index of fractionalization changes in each regression.

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Titel: Ethnic Diversity and Health Outcomes
verfasst von: Sefa Awaworyi Churchill
Janet Exornam Ocloo
Diana Siawor-Robertson
Publikationsdatum: 03.10.2016
Verlag: Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in: Social Indicators Research / Ausgabe 3/2017
Print ISSN: 0303-8300
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-0921
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-016-1454-7

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