Experimental Investigation and Modeling of Cigarette Smoke Particle Removal for Vehicle Cabin Using Ionizer and Filter

This study proposes and validates a physically grounded Clean Air Delivery Rate(CADR) model for in cabin PM2.5 removal systems that combine ionization and filtration. Chamber-level and vehicle-level tests were conducted to isolate ionization effects and to assess integrated HVAC performance across ionizer polarity, filter type, and airflow, respectively. At minimum airflow, single-polarity ionization increased CADR from 10.7 to 32.9m³/h with the particle filter, and from 63.1 to 76.6m³/h with the PM2.5 filter. In contrast, at maximum airflow with the PM2.5 filter, CADR decreased from 164.6 to 131.4m³/h under single polarity ionization. Additionally, dual polarity operation tended to underperform, consistent with ion neutralization. The CADR model captures these behaviors via two interpretable parameters: an ion-charge coefficient(K) and an ionizer-filter interaction factor(β). The developed CADR model showed strong agreement, with 13 of 16 data points within ± 15%. Despite simplifying assumptions and limited replication, the model offers practical utility for system design and performance prediction. These results can be extended across various experimental conditions, with statistical validation of parameters, and consideration of integration with CFD.