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Erschienen in: Fire Technology 1/2015

01.01.2015

Exposure to Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in the Indoor Environment

verfasst von: Thomas F. Webster, Heather M. Stapleton, Michael D. McClean

Erschienen in: Fire Technology | Ausgabe 1/2015

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Abstract

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are fire retardants used in consumer products such as foam-containing furniture and electronics. This paper reviews human exposure to PBDEs in North America, applying the source to exposure paradigm, and arrives to the following five conclusions. (1) PentaBDE concentrations in residential house dust are associated with the amount of bromine contained in furniture as measured by X-ray fluorescence; similarly, DecaBDE in dust is associated with bromine in electronics. (2) Microscopic analysis of dust suggests that physical breakdown of products may be an important source of DecaBDE in dust. (3) Concentrations of PentaBDE in people were associated with PentaBDE levels in dust from their homes. (4) Inhalation appears to be a minor route of exposure for most of the population. PentaBDEs on handwipes are associated with both dust concentrations and body burdens, suggesting hand-to-mouth activity (or dermal absorption) as important routes of exposure. (5) Diet appears to be another, independent source of exposure. Fire fighters may be exposed via dust, ash or air, particularly in the aftermath of a fire. The existing literature suggests that human health effects may be associated with PentaBDE exposures in the general population. Manufacture of PentaBDE has been banned; replacement fire retardants can be measured in products and dust. The use of PBDEs and related flame retardants poses a potential risk–risk trade-off that requires the joint efforts of environmental scientists and the fire science community.

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Zurück zum Zitat Lakind JS, Birnbaum LS (2010) Out of the frying pan and out of the fire: the indispensable role of exposure science in avoiding risks from replacement chemicals. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 20:115–116CrossRef Lakind JS, Birnbaum LS (2010) Out of the frying pan and out of the fire: the indispensable role of exposure science in avoiding risks from replacement chemicals. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 20:115–116CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Exposure to Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in the Indoor Environment
verfasst von
Thomas F. Webster
Heather M. Stapleton
Michael D. McClean
Publikationsdatum
01.01.2015
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Fire Technology / Ausgabe 1/2015
Print ISSN: 0015-2684
Elektronische ISSN: 1572-8099
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-013-0334-9

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