17. Failure of Three-Tab Shingles Subjected to Wind Gusts Up To 150 MPH: A DIC Based Study

Premature failure of asphalt-shingled roofing systems due to high winds is a major financial issue in the United States. In this study, the mechanism for sealant separation in three-tab shingle systems is evaluated experimentally using (a) in-situ StereoDIC measurements of the deformations in a model shingled roof system subject to wind gusts up to 150 mph and (b) separate fracture experiments for the sealant material to obtain the traction-separation relationship as a function of bonding parameters including temperature and pressure. Results from the series of fracture experiments showed that lower bonding temperatures (55 °C) resulted in partial sealing of the shingles, with separation characterized by adhesive failure of the sealant during wind loading. Shingles with sealant bonding at higher temperature (70 °C) remained intact for more than 2 hours when subjected to wind speeds up to 150 mph.