Skip to main content
Fachgebiete
Automobil + Motoren Bauwesen + Immobilien Business IT + Informatik Elektrotechnik + Elektronik Energie + Nachhaltigkeit Finance + Banking Management + Führung Marketing + Vertrieb Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe Versicherung + Risiko
DE
EN
Bücher
Zeitschriften
Themenseiten
Organisationspsychologie Projektmanagement Marketing Smart Manufacturing
Weitere Formate
Podcasts Webinare Technik Webinare Wirtschaft Kongresse Veranstaltungskalender Awards
Jetzt Einzelzugang starten
Zugang für Unternehmen
Referenzkunden
SLX-Digitalkonferenz: Zukunftswerkstatt 2024

Mehr Umsatz mit Top-Kontakten

Am 7. Mai erfahren Sie, wie Vertriebsteams Leadgenerierung, Leadnurturing und Leadstrategien effizient steuern können.
Erweiterte Suche
Anmelden
nach oben
Erschienen in:
Software Engineering for Self-Adaptive Systems: Research Challenges in the Provision of Assurances Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

2017 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Feedback Control as MAPE-K Loop in Autonomic Computing

verfasst von : Eric Rutten, Nicolas Marchand, Daniel Simon

Erschienen in: Software Engineering for Self-Adaptive Systems III. Assurances

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Computing systems are becoming more and more dynamically reconfigurable or adaptive, to be flexible w.r.t. their environment and to automate their administration. Autonomic computing proposes a general structure of feedback loop to take this into account. In this paper, we are particularly interested in approaches where this feedback loop is considered as a case of control loop where techniques stemming from Control Theory can be used to design efficient safe, and predictable controllers. This approach is emerging, with separate and dispersed effort, in different areas of the field of reconfigurable or adaptive computing, at software or architecture level. This paper surveys these approaches from the point of view of control theory techniques, continuous and discrete (supervisory), in their application to the feedback control of computing systems, and proposes detailed interpretations of feedback control loops as MAPE-K loop, illustrated with case studies.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren
Vorheriges Kapitel Models for the Consistent Interaction of Adaptations in Self-Adaptive Systems
Nächstes Kapitel An Extended Description of MORPH: A Reference Architecture for Configuration and Behaviour Self-Adaptation
Literatur
1.
Abdelzaher, T.: Research challenges in feedback computing: an interdisciplinary agenda. In: 8th International Workshop on Feedback Computing, San Jose, California (2013)
2.
Aboubekr, A.S., Gwenaël, D., Pissard-Gibollet, R., Rutten, É., Simon, D.: Automatic generation of discrete handlers of real-time continuous control tasks. In: IFAC World Congress 2011, Milano, Italie, August 2011
3.
Abrial, J.-R.: The B-book: Assigning Programs to Meanings. Cambridge University Press, New York (1996)CrossRefMATH
4.
5.
Albus, J.S., Barbera, A.J., Nagel, R.N.: Theory and practice of hierarchical control. National Bureau of Standards (1980)
6.
7.
Årzén, K.-E., Robertsson, A., Henriksson, D., Johansson, M., Hjalmarsson, H., Johansson, K.H.: Conclusions of the ARTIST2 roadmap on control of computing systems. ACM SIGBED (Special Interest Group on Embedded Systems) Rev. 3(3), 11–20 (2006)
8.
9.
Åström, K.J., Wittenmark, B.: Computer-Controlled Systems. Information and System Sciences Series, 3rd edn. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River (1997)
10.
Auer, A., Dingel, J., Rudie, K.: Concurrency control generation for dynamic threads using discrete-event systems. In: 2009 47th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing, Allerton 2009, 30 September–2 October 2009, pp. 927–934 (2009)
11.
Benveniste, A., Caspi, P., Edwards, S., Halbwachs, N., Le Guernic, P., de Simone, R.: The synchronous languages twelve years later. Proc. IEEE 91(1), 64–83 (2003). Special issue on embedded systemsCrossRef
12.
Berthier, N., Marchand, H.: Discrete controller synthesis for infinite state systems with ReaX. In: 12th International Workshop on Discrete Event Systems, WODES 2014. IFAC, May 2014
13.
Bloem, R., Jobstmann, B., Piterman, N., Pnueli, A., Saar, Y.: Synthesis of reactive(1) designs. J. Comput. Syst. Sci. 78(3), 911–938 (2012)MathSciNetCrossRefMATH
14.
Bodik, R., Chandra, S., Galenson, J., Kimelman, D., Tung, N., Barman, S., Rodarmor, C.: Programming with angelic nondeterminism. In: Principles of Programming Languages, POPL, pp. 339–352, January 2010
15.
16.
Bouhadiba, T., Sabah, Q., Delaval, G., Rutten, E.: Synchronous control of reconfiguration in fractal component-based systems: a case study. In: Proceedings of the Ninth ACM International Conference on Embedded Software, EMSOFT 2011, Taipei, Taiwan, pp. 309–318, October 2011
17.
Braberman, V., D’Ippolito, N., Kramer, J., Sykes, D., Uchitel, S.: MORPH: a reference architecture for configuration and behaviour self-adaptation. In: Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Control Theory for Software Engineering, CTSE 2015, pp. 9–16. ACM, New York (2015)
18.
19.
Cervin, A., Eker, J., Bernhardsson, B., Årzén, K.E.: Feedback-feedforward scheduling of control tasks. Real-Time Syst. 23(1–2), 25–53 (2002)CrossRefMATH
20.
21.
22.
Control for Embedded Systems Cluster: Roadmap on control of real-time computing systems. Technical report, EU/IST FP6 Artist2 NoE (2006)
23.
24.
Delaval, G.: Modular distribution and application to discrete controller synthesis. In: International Workshop on Model-driven High-level Programming of Embedded Systems (SLA++P 2008), Budapest, Hungary, April 2008
25.
Delaval, G., Rutten, E.: A domain-specific language for multi-task systems, applying discrete controller synthesis. J. Embed. Syst. 2007(84192), 17 (2007)
26.
Delaval, G., Rutten, É., Marchand, H.: Integrating discrete controller synthesis into a reactive programming language compiler. Discrete Event Dyn. Syst. 23(4), 385–418 (2013)CrossRefMATH
27.
Delaval, G., Marchand, H., Rutten, É.: Contracts for modular discrete controller synthesis. In: ACM International Conference on Languages, Compilers, and Tools for Embedded Systems (LCTES 2010), Stockholm, Sweden, pp. 57–66, April 2010
28.
D’Ippolito, N., Braberman, V., Kramer, J., Magee, J., Sykes, D., Uchitel, S.: Hope for the best, prepare for the worst: multi-tier control for adaptive systems. In: Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Software Engineering, ICSE 2014, pp. 688–699. ACM, New York (2014)
29.
D’ippolito, N., Braberman, V., Piterman, N., Uchitel, S.: Synthesizing nonanomalous event-based controllers for liveness goals. ACM Trans. Softw. Eng. Methodol. 22(1), 9:1–9:36 (2013)
30.
Dragert, C., Dingel, J., Rudie, K.: Generation of concurrency control code using discrete-event systems theory. In: Proceedings of the 16th ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Foundations of Software Engineering, SIGSOFT 2008/FSE-16, pp. 146–157. ACM, New York (2008)
31.
Dumitrescu, E., Girault, A., Marchand, H., Rutten, E.: Multicriteria optimal discrete controller synthesis for fault-tolerant tasks. In: Proceedings of the 10th IFAC International Workshop on Discrete Event Systems (WODES 2010), September 2010
32.
Durand, S., Alt, A.-M., Simon, D., Marchand, N.: Energy-aware feedback control for a H.264 video decoder. Int. J. Syst. Sci. 46(8), August 2013
33.
Filieri, A., Ghezzi, C., Leva, A., Maggio, M.: Self-adaptive software meets control theory: a preliminary approach supporting reliability requirements. In: Proceedings of 26th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE 2011), pp. 283–292 (2011)
34.
Filieri, A., Hoffmann, H., Maggio, M.: Automated design of self-adaptive software with control-theoretical formal guarantees. In: Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Software Engineering, ICSE 2014. ACM, New York (2014)
35.
Filieri, A., Maggio, M., Angelopoulos, K., D’Ippolito, N., Gerostathopoulos, I., Hempel, A.B., Hoffmann, H., Jamshidi, P., Kalyvianaki, E., Klein, C., Krikava, F., Misailovic, S., Papadopoulos, A.V., Ray, S., Sharifloo, A.M., Shevtsov, S., Ujma, M., Vogel, T.: Software engineering meets control theory. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Software Engineering for Adaptive and Self-Managing Systems, SEAMS 2015, pp. 71–82. IEEE Press, Piscataway (2015)
36.
Gamatié, A., Yu, H., Delaval, G., Rutten, E.: A case study on controller synthesis for data-intensive embedded systems. In: Proceedings of the 6th IEEE International Conference on Embedded Software and Systems (ICESS 2009), HangZhou, Zhejiang, China, May 2009
37.
Gaudin, B., Nixon, P.: Supervisory control for software runtime exception avoidance. In: Proceedings of the Fifth International C* Conference on Computer Science and Software Engineering, C3S2E 2012, pp. 109–112. ACM, New York (2012)
38.
Gaudin, B., Vassev, E.I., Nixon, P., Hinchey, M.: A control theory based approach for self-healing of un-handled runtime exceptions. In: Proceedings of the 8th ACM International Conference on Autonomic Computing, ICAC 2011, pp. 217–220. ACM, New York (2011)
39.
40.
Gueye, S.M.-K., de Palma, N., Rutten, E.: Coordination control of component-based autonomic administration loops. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Coordination Models and Languages, COORDINATION, 3–6 June 2013, Florence, Italy (2013)
41.
Harel, D.: Can programming be liberated, period? Computer 41(1), 28–37 (2008)CrossRef
42.
Harel, D., Kugler, H., Pnueli, A.: Synthesis revisited: generating statechart models from scenario-based requirements. In: Kreowski, H.-J., Montanari, U., Orejas, F., Rozenberg, G., Taentzer, G. (eds.) Formal Methods in Software and Systems Modeling. LNCS, vol. 3393, pp. 309–324. Springer, Heidelberg (2005). https://​doi.​org/​10.​1007/​978-3-540-31847-7_​18 CrossRef
43.
44.
Hellerstein, J., Diao, Y., Parekh, S., Tilbury, D.: Feedback Control of Computing Systems. Wiley-IEEE (2004)
45.
Iordache, M., Antsaklis, P.: Concurrent program synthesis based on supervisory control. In: 2010 American Control Conference (2010)
46.
Iordache, M.V., Antsaklis, P.J.: Petri nets and programming: a survey. In: Proceedings of the 2009 American Control Conference, pp. 4994–4999 (2009)
47.
48.
Karamanolis, C., Karlsson, M., Zhu, X.: Designing controllable computer systems. In: Proceedings of the 10th Conference on Hot Topics in Operating Systems, HOTOS 2005, vol. 10, p. 9. USENIX Association, Berkeley (2005)
49.
Kephart, J.: Feedback on feedback in autonomic computing systems. In: 7th International Workshop on Feedback Computing, San Jose, California (2012)
50.
Kephart, J.O., Chess, D.M.: The vision of autonomic computing. IEEE Comput. 36(1), 41–50 (2003)CrossRef
51.
Khakpour, N., Arbab, F., Rutten, E.: Supervisory controller synthesis for safe software adaptation. In: 12th IFAC - IEEE International Workshop on Discrete Event Systems, WODES, Cachan, France, 14–16 May 2014 (2014)
52.
53.
Kulkarni, S.S., Ebnenasir, A.: Automated synthesis of multitolerance. In: DSN 2004 Proceedings of the 2004 International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks, pp. 209–219 (2004)
54.
Lalanda, P., McCann, J.A., Diaconescu, A.: Autonomic Computing - Principles, Design and Implementation. Undergraduate Topics in Computer Science Series. Springer, London (2013)
55.
Lindberg, M., Årzén, K.-E.: Feedback control of cyber-physical systems with multi resource dependencies and model uncertainties. In: 31st IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium, San Diego, California, USA, November 2010
56.
Litoiu, M., Shaw, M., Tamura, G., Villegas, N.M., Müller, H.A., Giese, H., Rouvoy, R., Rutten, E.: What can control theory teach us about assurances in self-adaptive software systems? In: de Lemos, R., et al. (eds.) Self-Adaptive Systems III. LNCS, vol. 9640, pp. 90–134. Springer, Heidelberg (2017)
57.
Litoiu, M., Woodside, M., Zheng, T.: Hierarchical model-based autonomic control of software systems. ACM SIGSOFT Softw. Eng. Notes 30(4), 1–7 (2005)CrossRef
58.
Liu, C., Kondratyev, A., Watanabe, Y., Desel, J., Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, A.: Schedulability analysis of petri nets based on structural properties. In: 2006 Sixth International Conference on Application of Concurrency to System Design, ACSD 2006, pp. 69–78, June 2006
59.
Lu, C., Stankovic, J., Abdelzaher, T., Tao, G., Son, S., Marley, M.: Performance specifications and metrics for adaptive real-time systems. In: Real-Time Systems Symposium, December 2000
60.
Lu, C., Stankovic, J.A., Son, S.H., Tao, G.: Feedback control real-time scheduling: framework, modeling and algorithms. Real-Time Syst. 23(1/2), 85–126 (2002). Journal, Special Issue on Control-Theoretical Approaches to Real-Time ComputingCrossRefMATH
61.
Maggio, M., Bini, E., Chasparis, G., Årzén, K.-E.: A game-theoretic resource manager for RT applications. In: 25th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems, ECRTS13, Paris, France, July 2013
62.
Malrait, L., Bouchenak, S., Marchand, N.: Experience with ConSer: a system for server control through fluid modeling. IEEE Trans. Comput. 60(7), 951–963 (2011)MathSciNetCrossRefMATH
63.
64.
Marchand, H., Bournai, P., Le Borgne, M., Le Guernic, P.: Synthesis of discrete-event controllers based on the signal environment. Discrete Event Dyn. Syst. Theor. Appl. 10(4), 325–346 (2000)MathSciNetCrossRefMATH
65.
Moulavi, M.A., Al-Shishtawy, A., Vlassov, V.: State-space feedback control for elastic distributed storage in a cloud environment. In: ICAS 2012, The Eighth International Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous Systems, pp. 18–27 (2012)
66.
Patikirikorala, T., Colman, A., Han, J., Wang, L.: A systematic survey on the design of self-adaptive software systems using control engineering approaches. In: 2012 ICSE Workshop on Software Engineering for Adaptive and Self-Managing Systems (SEAMS), Zurich, Switzerland (2012)
67.
Patikirikorala, T., Wang, L., Colman, A., Han, J.: Hammerstein Wiener nonlinear model based predictive control for relative QoS performance and resource management of software systems. Control Eng. Pract. 20, 49–61 (2012)CrossRef
68.
Phoha, V.V., Nadgar, A.U., Ray, A., Phoha, S.: Supervisory control of software systems. IEEE Trans. Comput. 53(9), 1187–1199 (2004)CrossRefMATH
69.
Ramadge, P.J., Wonham, W.M.: Supervisory control of a class of discrete event processes. SIAM J. Control Optim. 25(1), 206–230 (1987)MathSciNetCrossRefMATH
70.
Sykes, D., Corapi, D., Magee, J., Kramer, J., Russo, A., Inoue, K.: Learning revised models for planning in adaptive systems. In: Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Software Engineering, ICSE 2013, pp. 63–71. IEEE Press, Piscataway (2013)
71.
Wallace, C., Jensen, P., Soparkar, N.: Supervisory control of workflow scheduling. In: Advanced Transaction Models and Architectures Workshop (ATMA), Goa, India (1996)
72.
Wang, Y., Cho, H.K., Liao, H., Nazeem, A., Kelly, T., Lafortune, S., Mahlke, S., Reveliotis, S.A.: Supervisory control of software execution for failure avoidance: experience from the Gadara project. In: Proceedings of the 10th IFAC International Workshop on Discrete Event Systems (WODES 2010), September 2010
73.
Wang, Y., Lafortune, S., Kelly, T., Kudlur, M., Mahlke, S.: The theory of deadlock avoidance via discrete control. In: Principles of Programming Languages, POPL, Savannah, USA, pp. 252–263 (2009)
74.
75.
Xia, F., Tian, G., Sun, Y.: Feedback scheduling: an event-driven paradigm. ACM SIGPLAN Not. 42(12), 7–14 (2007)CrossRef
76.
Yfoulis, C.A., Gounaris, A.: Honoring SLAs on cloud computing services: a control perspective. In: Proceedings of the European Control Conference (2009)
77.
Zhu, X.: Application of control theory in management of virtualized data centres. In: Fifth International Workshop on Feedback Control Implementation and Design in Computing Systems and Networks (FeBID), Paris, France (2010)
78.
Zhu, X., Wang, Z., Singhal, S.: Utility-driven workload management using nested control design. In: 2006 American Control Conference, p. 6. IEEE (2006)
Metadaten
Titel
Feedback Control as MAPE-K Loop in Autonomic Computing
verfasst von
Eric Rutten
Nicolas Marchand
Daniel Simon
Copyright-Jahr
2017
Buch
Software Engineering for Self-Adaptive Systems III. Assurances

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-74182-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-74183-3

Copyright-Jahr: 2017

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74183-3_12