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2018 | Buch

Finite Element Models of the Knee Joint Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

FEM Analysis of the Human Knee Joint

A Review

verfasst von: Zahra Trad, Abdelwahed Barkaoui, Moez Chafra, Prof. João Manuel R.S. Tavares

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Buchreihe : SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

In recent years, numerous scientific investigations have studied the anatomical, biomechanical and functional role of structures involved in the human knee joint. The Finite Element Method (FEM) has been seen as an interesting tool to study and simulate biosystems. It has been extensively used to analyse the knee joint and various types of knee diseases and rehabilitation procedures such as the High Tibial Osteotomy (HTO). This work presents a review on FEM analysis of the human knee joint and HTO knee surgery, and discusses how adequate this computational tool is for this type of biomedical applications. Hence, various studies addressing the knee joint based on Finite Element Analysis (FEA) are reviewed, and an overview of clinical and biomechanical studies on the optimization of the correction angle of the postoperative knee surgery is provided.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Finite Element Models of the Knee Joint
Abstract
Geometry, material properties and loading and boundary conditions are important aspects in FEA modeling of the knee. Many assumptions and concessions must be made while considering these aspects, as well as the computational time. For example, it is very computationally expensive to model the cartilage or the menisci as poroelastic materials. Moreover, modeling the cartilage as three layers (superficial, middle and deep) is very difficult using 3D models, but can be easily accomplished using 2D models, and simulations can therefore be completely performed.
Zahra Trad, Abdelwahed Barkaoui, Moez Chafra, João Manuel R. S. Tavares
Chapter 2. Finite Element Analysis Applications in Biomechanical Studies of the Knee Joint
Abstract
The development of sophisticated 3D FE models through MRI techniques enables us to precisely capture the patient-specific geometries of both hard and soft tissues in the region of interest (RoI), in order to more precisely simulate complicated tissue responses, thereby reflecting more realistic biomechanical behaviors. In the past decades, extensive studies have developed FE models and have coupled the FE model with in vivo kinematic data to analyse true tissue deformation (Halloran et al. in J Biomech 43:2810–2815, 2010). This has resulted in a more convincing simulation and prediction of the loading condition in FEA.
Zahra Trad, Abdelwahed Barkaoui, Moez Chafra, João Manuel R. S. Tavares
Chapter 3. Overview of High Tibial Osteotomy and Optimization of the Correction Angle
Abstract
OA is a degenerative disease of articular cartilage that occurs even in young people and results in pain, swelling, stiffness, a decreased ability to move and, sometimes, the formation of bone spurs (Arokoski in Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports 10:186–198, 2000; Sharma in Current opinion in rheumatology 13:441–446, 2001).
Zahra Trad, Abdelwahed Barkaoui, Moez Chafra, João Manuel R. S. Tavares
Chapter 4. Conclusions and Future Work
Abstract
In this manuscript, we have provided an overview of the overall biomechanical and clinical studies on healthy and pathological knee joints. The various methods used by different researchers for modeling this joint were evoked, as well as the material properties assigned for each component of the knee joint. Ultimately, the different experimental and FEA studies that investigate the mechanical behavior of the knee joint, as well as the cause, treatment and prevention of knee OA, were well analyzed in order to discuss its major effect on the clinical area. This review discussed various FEA studies available in literature that enable a biomechanical analysis of knee behavior after a specific treatment (ligament rupture, meniscectomy, HTO, etc.), and provided clinically relevant information regarding the force, stress and displacement changes that occur in a pathological knee. Ultimately, the work presented here is a new concept focused on the FEA method that takes a step towards a novel diagnostic tool for the assessment of possible failure sites in the human knee, assessing the outcome of treatments or surgical procedures, such as the HTO, and that could thus be used in clinical decision-making.
Zahra Trad, Abdelwahed Barkaoui, Moez Chafra, João Manuel R. S. Tavares
Erratum to: Overview of High Tibial Osteotomy and Optimization of the Correction Angle
Zahra Trad, Abdelwahed Barkaoui, Moez Chafra, João Manuel R. S. Tavares
Metadaten
Titel
FEM Analysis of the Human Knee Joint
verfasst von
Zahra Trad
Abdelwahed Barkaoui
Moez Chafra
Prof. João Manuel R.S. Tavares
Copyright-Jahr
2018
Electronic ISBN
978-3-319-74158-1
Print ISBN
978-3-319-74157-4
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74158-1

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