Skip to main content

2017 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

2. Freedom, Free Markets, and Neoliberalism

verfasst von : Alessandro Vercelli

Erschienen in: Crisis and Sustainability

Verlag: Palgrave Macmillan UK

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

This chapter provides some necessary background for the arguments developed in the book. First comes a preliminary discussion of the basic concepts underlying the arguments, beginning with the concept of freedom. A critical scrutiny of the concept of free market follows. A brief reconstruction of the evolution of economic liberalism is provided with the aim of clarifying the meanings attached to its main varieties. In particular, a rigorous definition of the controversial concept of neoliberalism is suggested. This leads to a discussion of the misleading conception of the relationship between state and market as a zero-sum game. The concluding remarks emphasise that the evolution of capitalism has produced a growing contradiction between democracy and a narrow view of freedom centred on negative freedom.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Bariviera, Aurelio F., María B. Guercio, Lisana B. Martinez, and Osvaldo A. Rosso. 2015. The (In)visible Hand in the Libor Market: An Information Theory Approach. The European Physical Journal B 88(8). doi:10.1140/epjb/e2015-60410-1. Bariviera, Aurelio F., María B. Guercio, Lisana B. Martinez, and Osvaldo A. Rosso. 2015. The (In)visible Hand in the Libor Market: An Information Theory Approach. The European Physical Journal B 88(8). doi:10.​1140/​epjb/​e2015-60410-1.
Zurück zum Zitat Berlin, Isaiah. 1969. Two Concepts of Liberty. In Four Essays on Liberty, ed. Isaiah Berlin, London: Oxford University Press. 2002, 118–172. Berlin, Isaiah. 1969. Two Concepts of Liberty. In Four Essays on Liberty, ed. Isaiah Berlin, London: Oxford University Press. 2002, 118–172.
Zurück zum Zitat Beveridge, William. 1942. Social Insurance and Allied Services. (The Beveridge Report.) London: Cmd 6404, HMSO. Beveridge, William. 1942. Social Insurance and Allied Services. (The Beveridge Report.) London: Cmd 6404, HMSO.
Zurück zum Zitat Boas, Taylor C., and Jordan Gans-Morse. 2009. Neoliberalism: From New Liberal Philosophy to Anti-Liberal Slogan. Studies in Comparative International Development 44: 137–161.CrossRef Boas, Taylor C., and Jordan Gans-Morse. 2009. Neoliberalism: From New Liberal Philosophy to Anti-Liberal Slogan. Studies in Comparative International Development 44: 137–161.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Borghesi, Simone, and Alessandro Vercelli. 2008. Global Sustainability. Social and Environmental Conditions. Palgrave Macmillan: Basingstoke and New York.CrossRef Borghesi, Simone, and Alessandro Vercelli. 2008. Global Sustainability. Social and Environmental Conditions. Palgrave Macmillan: Basingstoke and New York.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Cameron, David R. 1978. The Expansion of The Public Economy: A Comparative Analysis. American Political Science Review 72(4): 1243–1261.CrossRef Cameron, David R. 1978. The Expansion of The Public Economy: A Comparative Analysis. American Political Science Review 72(4): 1243–1261.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Coase, Ronald H. 1937. The Nature of the Firm. Economica, New Series 4(16):386–405. Coase, Ronald H. 1937. The Nature of the Firm. Economica, New Series 4(16):386–405.
Zurück zum Zitat Crouch, Colin. 2004. Post-democracy. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons. Crouch, Colin. 2004. Post-democracy. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons.
Zurück zum Zitat Dixon, William. 2008. Ricardo: Economic Thought and Social Order. Journal of the History of Economic Thought 30(2): 235–253.CrossRef Dixon, William. 2008. Ricardo: Economic Thought and Social Order. Journal of the History of Economic Thought 30(2): 235–253.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Dworkin, Ronald. 2011. Justice for Hedgehogs. Harvard: Harvard University Press. Dworkin, Ronald. 2011. Justice for Hedgehogs. Harvard: Harvard University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Friedman, Milton. 1953. The Case for Flexible Exchange Rates. In Essays in Positive Economics, ed. Milton Friedman, 157–203. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Friedman, Milton. 1953. The Case for Flexible Exchange Rates. In Essays in Positive Economics, ed. Milton Friedman, 157–203. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Zurück zum Zitat ———. 1960. A Program for Monetary Stability. New York: Fordham University Press. ———. 1960. A Program for Monetary Stability. New York: Fordham University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat ———. 1968. The Role of Monetary Policy. The American Economic Review 58(1): 1–17. ———. 1968. The Role of Monetary Policy. The American Economic Review 58(1): 1–17.
Zurück zum Zitat Gaus, Gerald F. 1996. Justificatory Liberalism: An Essay on Epistemology and Political Theory. New York: Oxford University Press. Gaus, Gerald F. 1996. Justificatory Liberalism: An Essay on Epistemology and Political Theory. New York: Oxford University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Geanakoplos, John D., and Heraklis M. Polemarchakis. 1986. Existence, Regularity and Constrained Suboptimality of Competitive Allocations When the Asset Structure is Incomplete. In Uncertainty, Information and Communication: Essays in Honor of K.J. Arrow, vol. 3, eds. W.P. Heller, R.M. Starr and D.A. Starrett, 65–95. New York: Cambridge University Press. Geanakoplos, John D., and Heraklis M. Polemarchakis. 1986. Existence, Regularity and Constrained Suboptimality of Competitive Allocations When the Asset Structure is Incomplete. In Uncertainty, Information and Communication: Essays in Honor of K.J. Arrow, vol. 3, eds. W.P. Heller, R.M. Starr and D.A. Starrett, 65–95. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Gray, John. 1995. Liberalism, 2 edn. Buckingham: Open University Press. Gray, John. 1995. Liberalism, 2 edn. Buckingham: Open University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Green, Thomas H. 1895. Lectures on the Principles of Political Obligation. London: Longmans, Green, and Co. Green, Thomas H. 1895. Lectures on the Principles of Political Obligation. London: Longmans, Green, and Co.
Zurück zum Zitat Harvey, David. 2005. A Brief History of Neoliberalism. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Harvey, David. 2005. A Brief History of Neoliberalism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Hayek, Friedrich A 1960. The Constitution of Liberty. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Hayek, Friedrich A 1960. The Constitution of Liberty. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Zurück zum Zitat ——— 1979. Law, Legislation and Liberty. Volume 3: The Political Order of a Free People. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. ——— 1979. Law, Legislation and Liberty. Volume 3: The Political Order of a Free People. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Zurück zum Zitat Hobbes, Thomas. 1651 [2010]. Leviathan: Or the Matter, Forme, and Power of a Common-Wealth Ecclesiasticall and Civil, ed. Ian Shapiro. Yale: Yale University Press. Hobbes, Thomas. 1651 [2010]. Leviathan: Or the Matter, Forme, and Power of a Common-Wealth Ecclesiasticall and Civil, ed. Ian Shapiro. Yale: Yale University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Keynes, John Maynard. 1936 [1973]. The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money. (The Collected Writings of John Maynard Keynes. Volume 7). London and Cambridge: Macmillan and Cambridge University Press. Keynes, John Maynard. 1936 [1973]. The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money. (The Collected Writings of John Maynard Keynes. Volume 7). London and Cambridge: Macmillan and Cambridge University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Lakatos, Imre. 1978. The Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef Lakatos, Imre. 1978. The Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Locke, John. 1690 [1982]. Second Treatise of Government. Edited by Richard Cox. Arlington Heights, Ill.: Harlan Davidson. Locke, John. 1690 [1982]. Second Treatise of Government. Edited by Richard Cox. Arlington Heights, Ill.: Harlan Davidson.
Zurück zum Zitat Lucas, Robert E. Jr. 1981. Studies in Business-Cycle Theory. Boston, Mass: MIT Press. Lucas, Robert E. Jr. 1981. Studies in Business-Cycle Theory. Boston, Mass: MIT Press.
Zurück zum Zitat MacCallum, Gerald C. Jr. 1967. Negative and Positive Freedom. Philosophical Review 76: 312–334.CrossRef MacCallum, Gerald C. Jr. 1967. Negative and Positive Freedom. Philosophical Review 76: 312–334.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Marshall, Alfred. 1890. Principles of Economics. London: Macmillan. Marshall, Alfred. 1890. Principles of Economics. London: Macmillan.
Zurück zum Zitat Miller, Dale E. 2003. Mill’s ‘Socialism’. Politics, Philosophy and Economics 2(2): 213–248.CrossRef Miller, Dale E. 2003. Mill’s ‘Socialism’. Politics, Philosophy and Economics 2(2): 213–248.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Mirowski, Philip. 2014. The Political Movement that Dared not Speak its own Name: The Neoliberal Thought Collective Under Erasure. Working Paper No.23. INET. Mirowski, Philip. 2014. The Political Movement that Dared not Speak its own Name: The Neoliberal Thought Collective Under Erasure. Working Paper No.23. INET.
Zurück zum Zitat Mirowski, Philip, and Dieter Plehwe, eds. 2009. The Road from Mont Pelerin: The Making of the Neoliberal Thought Collective. Cambridge, Ma: Harvard University Press. Mirowski, Philip, and Dieter Plehwe, eds. 2009. The Road from Mont Pelerin: The Making of the Neoliberal Thought Collective. Cambridge, Ma: Harvard University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Mises, Ludwig von. 1962. The Free and Prosperous Commonwealth: An Exposition of the Ideas of Classical Liberalism. Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand. Mises, Ludwig von. 1962. The Free and Prosperous Commonwealth: An Exposition of the Ideas of Classical Liberalism. Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand.
Zurück zum Zitat Nozick, Robert. 1974. Anarchy, State, and Utopia. New York: Basic Books. Nozick, Robert. 1974. Anarchy, State, and Utopia. New York: Basic Books.
Zurück zum Zitat Pigou, Arthur C. 1920. The Economics of Welfare. London: Macmillan. Pigou, Arthur C. 1920. The Economics of Welfare. London: Macmillan.
Zurück zum Zitat Popper, Karl R. 1969. Conjectures and Refutations. London: Routledge. Popper, Karl R. 1969. Conjectures and Refutations. London: Routledge.
Zurück zum Zitat Ricardo, David. 1817 [1951–73.] Principles of Political Economy and Taxation. In The Works and Correspondence of David Ricardo, vol. V, eds. David Ricardo, Piero Sraffa. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ricardo, David. 1817 [1951–73.] Principles of Political Economy and Taxation. In The Works and Correspondence of David Ricardo, vol. V, eds. David Ricardo, Piero Sraffa. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Robbins, Lionel. 1952. Theory of Economic Policy in English Classical Political Economy. London: Macmillan. Robbins, Lionel. 1952. Theory of Economic Policy in English Classical Political Economy. London: Macmillan.
Zurück zum Zitat Rodrik, Dani. 2011. The Globalisation Paradox. In Why Global Markets, States, and Democracy Can’t Coexist. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Rodrik, Dani. 2011. The Globalisation Paradox. In Why Global Markets, States, and Democracy Can’t Coexist. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Saad-Filho, Alfredo, and Deborah Johnston. 2005. Neoliberalism—A Critical Reader. London: Pluto Press. Saad-Filho, Alfredo, and Deborah Johnston. 2005. Neoliberalism—A Critical Reader. London: Pluto Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Skinner, Andrew S. 1974. Adam Smith and The Role of the State. Glasgow: University of Glasgow Press. Skinner, Andrew S. 1974. Adam Smith and The Role of the State. Glasgow: University of Glasgow Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Smith, Adam. 1776 [1977]. An Inquiry into The Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. Edited by Edwin Cannan. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Smith, Adam. 1776 [1977]. An Inquiry into The Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. Edited by Edwin Cannan. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Stiglitz, Joseph E. 1991. The Invisible Hand and Modern Welfare Economics. Working Paper No. 3641 National Bureau of Economic Research. Cambridge, MA. Stiglitz, Joseph E. 1991. The Invisible Hand and Modern Welfare Economics. Working Paper No. 3641 National Bureau of Economic Research. Cambridge, MA.
Zurück zum Zitat Stiglitz, Joseph E 2000. Economics of the Public Sector. New York: W. W. Norton & Co. Stiglitz, Joseph E 2000. Economics of the Public Sector. New York: W. W. Norton & Co.
Zurück zum Zitat Thorsen, Dag E. and Amund Lie. 2007. What is Neoliberalism? Unpublished Manuscript. Department of Political Science, University of Oslo. Thorsen, Dag E. and Amund Lie. 2007. What is Neoliberalism? Unpublished Manuscript. Department of Political Science, University of Oslo.
Zurück zum Zitat Vercelli, Alessandro. 1991. Methodological Foundations of Macroeconomics. Keynes and Lucas. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef Vercelli, Alessandro. 1991. Methodological Foundations of Macroeconomics. Keynes and Lucas. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat ———. 1998a. Operational Measures of Sustainable Development and the Freedom of Future Generations. In Sustainability: Dynamics and Uncertainty, eds. Chichilnisky Graciela, Heal Geoffrey, and Alessandro Vercelli. Dordrecht: Martin Kluwer. ———. 1998a. Operational Measures of Sustainable Development and the Freedom of Future Generations. In Sustainability: Dynamics and Uncertainty, eds. Chichilnisky Graciela, Heal Geoffrey, and Alessandro Vercelli. Dordrecht: Martin Kluwer.
Zurück zum Zitat ———. 1999a. The Recent Advances in Decision Theory under Uncertainty: A Non-technical Introduction. In Uncertain Decisions: Bridging Theory and Experiments, ed. Luigi Luini. Dordrecht: Kluwer. ———. 1999a. The Recent Advances in Decision Theory under Uncertainty: A Non-technical Introduction. In Uncertain Decisions: Bridging Theory and Experiments, ed. Luigi Luini. Dordrecht: Kluwer.
Zurück zum Zitat ———. 2010. Mr. Keynes and the ‘liberals’. In Keynes’ General Theory after Seventy Years, eds. Robert Dimand, Robert Mundell, and Alessandro Vercelli, 63–90. Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRef ———. 2010. Mr. Keynes and the ‘liberals’. In Keynes’ General Theory after Seventy Years, eds. Robert Dimand, Robert Mundell, and Alessandro Vercelli, 63–90. Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Warner, Carolyn M. 2015. Sources of Corruption in the European Union. In Routledge Handbook of Political Corruption, ed. Paul Heywood, 121–133. New York: Routledge. Warner, Carolyn M. 2015. Sources of Corruption in the European Union. In Routledge Handbook of Political Corruption, ed. Paul Heywood, 121–133. New York: Routledge.
Zurück zum Zitat Wicksell, Knut. 1898. Interest and Prices. English Translation 1936. New York: Sentry Press. Wicksell, Knut. 1898. Interest and Prices. English Translation 1936. New York: Sentry Press.
Metadaten
Titel
Freedom, Free Markets, and Neoliberalism
verfasst von
Alessandro Vercelli
Copyright-Jahr
2017
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-60069-1_2