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Erschienen in:
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2012 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Fuel Taxes, Fuel Economy of Vehicles and Costs of Conserved Energy: The Case of the European Union

verfasst von : David Bonilla

Erschienen in: Energy, Transport, & the Environment

Verlag: Springer London

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Abstract

This chapter is an overview of the changes in real-world fuel economy in key countries and of recent developments in fuel taxes imposed on all fuels across the EU-Member States. Coal and gas are undertaxed but diesel and gasoline are overtaxed; however, fuel economy is directly affected by fuel taxes (prices) and not by taxes on coal. Standards on fuel economy can be interpreted as taxes on fuel and both standards and fuel taxes can be triggers for investment in alternative energy technology. Costs of conserved energy show that hybrid trucks are cost-effective to buy for freight transport operators so long as fuel costs are high. Trends in the cost of conserved energy are likely to favour investment in fuel saving technologies so long as fuel and oil prices remain high as is currently the case. Taxes on fossil fuels are one way to save fossil fuels and EU Governments are aware of the need to save fossil fuels and to reduce dependency on them. EU fuel taxes have led to improved fuel economy on EU roads.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Fuel Cell Technology
Nächstes Kapitel Toward a Global Low Carbon Fuel Standard for Road Transport
Fußnoten
1
The European measure of fuel economy in litres per 100 km is preferred to the US MPG metric. A reduction in that ratio shows an improvement in fuel economy (fewer litres per 100 km). This is the inverse of the USmeasure of fuel economy in miles per gallon.
 
2
Here, SUVs are used as light trucks less than 10,000 lbs.
 
4
This section is partly based on findings of Freightvision [18].
 
5
EU Commission (2003).
 
6
Another value that can be taken as a benchmark (the minimum excise duty set by the EU) is equivalent to £/t CO2 (119 £per tonne of CO2 (0.33 £/L). The social cost of carbon can also be compared to the market price of carbon avoided.
 
7
To determine cost of conserved CO2 a year we compare extra investment cost as well as fuel economy levels of the options.
 
8
(0.12 UK pence/L which is equivalent to almost 36% increase in fuel duty (0.12/0.33 × 100).
 
9
A fee bate is a financial incentive added to or subtracted from the purchase price of a vehicles. Feebates are designed to encourage the manufacture and purchase of a fuel efficient truck. See (U. S DOE[44]) for further details.
 
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Metadaten
Titel
Fuel Taxes, Fuel Economy of Vehicles and Costs of Conserved Energy: The Case of the European Union
verfasst von
David Bonilla
Copyright-Jahr
2012
Verlag
Springer London
Buch
Energy, Transport, & the Environment

Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-2716-1

Electronic ISBN: 978-1-4471-2717-8

Copyright-Jahr: 2012

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2717-8_15