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Demography
Erschienen in: Demography 6/2019

11.11.2019

Gradual Change, Homeostasis, and Punctuated Equilibrium: Reconsidering Patterns of Health in Later Life

verfasst von: Michal Engelman, Heide Jackson

Erschienen in: Demography | Ausgabe 6/2019

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Abstract

Longitudinal methods aggregate individual health histories to produce inferences about aging populations, but to what extent do these summaries reflect the experiences of older adults? We describe the assumption of gradual change built into several influential statistical models and draw on widely used, nationally representative survey data to empirically compare the conclusions drawn from mixed-regression methods (growth curve models and latent class growth analysis) designed to capture trajectories with key descriptive statistics and methods (multistate life tables and sequence analysis) that depict discrete states and transitions. We show that individual-level data record stasis irregularly punctuated by relatively sudden change in health status or mortality. Although change is prevalent in the sample, for individuals it occurs rarely, at irregular times and intervals, and in a nonlinear and multidirectional fashion. We conclude by discussing the implications of this punctuated equilibrium pattern for understanding health changes in individuals and the dynamics of inequality in aging populations.
Vorheriger Artikel The Mechanism Underlying Change in the Sex Gap in Life Expectancy at Birth: An Extended Decomposition
Nächster Artikel Life and Death in the American City: Men’s Life Expectancy in 25 Major American Cities From 1990 to 2015

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Metadaten
Titel
Gradual Change, Homeostasis, and Punctuated Equilibrium: Reconsidering Patterns of Health in Later Life
verfasst von
Michal Engelman
Heide Jackson
Publikationsdatum
11.11.2019
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Demography / Ausgabe 6/2019
Print ISSN: 0070-3370
Elektronische ISSN: 1533-7790
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-019-00826-x

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