Group Key Exchange Enabling On-Demand Derivation of Peer-to-Peer Keys

We enrich the classical notion of group key exchange (GKE) protocols by a new property that allows each pair of users to derive an independent

peer-to-peer (p2p) key

on-demand and without any subsequent communication; this, in addition to the classical

group key

shared amongst all the users. We show that GKE protocols enriched in this way impose new security challenges concerning the secrecy and independence of both key types. The special attention should be paid to possible collusion attacks aiming to break the secrecy of p2p keys possibly established between any two non-colluding users.

In our constructions we utilize the well-known parallel Diffie-Hellman key exchange (PDHKE) technique in which each party uses the same exponent for the computation of p2p keys with its peers. First, we consider PDHKE in GKE protocols where parties securely transport their secrets for the establishment of the group key. For this we use an efficient multi-recipient ElGamal encryption scheme. Further, based on PDHKE we design a generic compiler for GKE protocols that extend the classical Diffie-Hellman method. Finally, we investigate possible optimizations of these protocols allowing parties to

re-use

their exponents to compute both group and p2p keys, and show that not all such GKE protocols can be optimized.