Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is one of the basic techniques for the analysis of surface reconstructions, overlayer growth mechanisms, surface dynamics, and chemistry at the atomic scale. STM is used in physics, chemistry, and biology for high resolution studies of organic and inorganic nanoobjects. This chapter is devoted to STM imaging at the level of individual electron orbitals which can lead to improvement of the spatial resolution in STM experiments down to the subatomic scale and development of chemical-selective imaging of multi-component surfaces.
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