Introduction
Aim
Methods
Study design
Cystoscopy
Statistical analysis
Pain perception
Psychological questionnaires
Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS)
The sexual satisfaction questionnaire
1. I am disconcerted with a part of my sexual life |
2. Sex is a source of pleasure for me |
3. Thinking about sex generates negative emotions |
4. I feel sexually attractive |
5. I find myself a poor sexual partner |
6. I do not have any problems in my sexual life |
7. I like thinking about my sexual life |
8. My sexual life frustrates me |
9. I am afraid I do not satisfy my sexual partner |
10. I find my sexual life fulfilling |
Results
Combined | Rigid CS | Flexible CS | Group comparison, p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 69.0 ± 7.3 years [48 ÷ 86 years] | 68.5 ± 7.8 years [48 ÷ 86 years] | 69.5 ± 6.8 years [55 ÷ 83 years] |
p = 1.000a
|
Pain perception | 5.7 ± 2.4 [0 ÷ 10] | 5.5 ± 2.8 [0 ÷ 10] | 5.9 ± 2.0 [2 ÷ 10] |
p = 1.000a
|
HADS—anxiety | 7.2 ± 3.0 [1 ÷ 13] | 7.5 ± 3.0 [1 ÷ 13] | 6.8 ± 3.0 [1 ÷ 13] |
p = 1.000a
|
HADS—anxiety qualitative |
p = 0.944b
| |||
Borderline | 32% [32/100] | 36% [18/50] | 28% [14/50] | |
Definite | 18% [15/100] | 18% [9/50] | 12% [6/50] | |
HADS—depression | 5.8 ± 3.5 [0 ÷ 14] | 5.9 ± 3.7 [0 ÷ 14] | 5.7 ± 3.3 [0 ÷ 12] |
p = 1.000a
|
HADS—depression qualitative |
p = 1.000b
| |||
Borderline | 30% [30/100] | 30% [15/50] | 30% [15/50] | |
Definite | 9% [9/100] | 10% [5/50] | 8% [4/50] | |
SS questionnaire completed | 85% [85/100] | 86% [43/50] | 84% [42/50] |
p = 1.000b
|
Sexual satisfaction | 27.8 ± 5.1 [16 ÷ 40] | 28.4 ± 4.8 [20 ÷ 40] | 27.4 ± 5.4 [16 ÷ 37] |
p = 1.000a
|
The recalled pain perception
Age | HADS—depression | HADS—anxiety | Sexual satisfaction | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
r
s
|
p value |
r
s
|
p value |
r
s
|
p value |
r
s
|
p value | |
Recalled pain perception | 0.05 | 1.000 | 0.33 |
0.008
| 0.19 | 0.617 | −0.40 |
0.002
|
Sexual satisfaction | −0.39 |
0.002
| −0.56 | <0.001
|
r − 0.48 | <0.001
| ||
HADS—anxiety | 0.19 | 0.611 | 0.51 | <0.001
| ||||
HADS—depression | 0.35 |
0.003
|
Pain perception during the study CS – group comparison
Score | Rigid CS group | Flexible CS group | Group comparison, p valueb
| ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD [range] | Post-CS to baseline, p valuea
| Mean ± SD [range] | Post-CS to baseline, p valuea
| ||
Pain perception | 5.2 ± 2.6 [0 ÷ 10] | 1.000 | 1.7 ± 1.2 [0 ÷ 5] | <0.001
| <0.001
|
HADS—anxiety | 7.4 ± 3.2 [0 ÷ 15] | 1.000 | 5.9 ± 3.1 [0 ÷ 11] | <0.001
| 0.156 |
HADS—depression | 6.1 ± 3.4 [0 ÷ 15] | 1.000 | 5.6 ± 3.5 [0 ÷ 13] | 1.000 | 1.000 |
SS | 26.4 ± 5.1 [14 ÷ 35] | < 0.001
| 27.1 ± 4.7 [18 ÷ 36] | 1.000 | 1.000 |
HADS in NMIBC patients
HADS scores: short-term response after CS with group comparison
Score | Single correlations | Analysis of covariance | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Group R | Group F |
β
|
p value | |||
Predictors | Corr. coeff |
p value | Corr. coeff |
p value | ||
HADS—anxiety | ||||||
Type of the CSa
| – | – | – | – | 0.12 | 0.090 |
Baseline anxiety |
γ= 0.70 | <0.001
|
γ= 0.90 | <0.001
| 0.77 | <0.001
|
Baseline depression |
r
s
= 0.49 |
0.001
|
r
s
= 0.54 | <0.001
| 0.11 | 0.087 |
Current pain perception |
r
s
= 0.24 | 1.000 |
r
s
= 0.32 | 0.444 | – | 0.531 |
Age |
r
s
= 0.28 | 0.735 |
r
s
= 0.14 | 1.000 | – | =0.639 |
HADS—depression | ||||||
Type of the CSa
| – | – | – | – | – | 0.721 |
Baseline anxiety |
r
s
= 0.53 | <0.001
|
r
s
= 0.64 | <0.001
| 0.16 |
0.004
|
Baseline depression |
γ= 0.83 | <0.001
|
γ= 0.80 | <0.001
| 0.79 | <0.001
|
Current pain perception |
r
s
= 0.21 | 1.000 |
r
s
= 0.20 | 1.000 | – | 0.652 |
Age |
r
s
= 0.33 | 0.310 |
r
s
= 0.38 | 0.093 | – | 0.324 |
Sexual satisfaction | ||||||
Type of the CSa
| – | – | – | – | −0.15 |
0.001
|
Baseline SS |
γ= 0.84 | <0.001
|
γ= 0.84 | <0.001
| 0.90 | <0.001
|
Current anxiety |
r
s
= −0.45 |
0.033
|
r
s
= −0.40 | 0.125 | – | 0.356 |
Current depression |
r
s
= −0.56 |
0.001
|
r
s
= −0.44 |
0.048
| – | 0.632 |
Recalledb pain perception |
r
s
= −0.33 | 0.480 |
r
s
= −0.49 |
0.015
| – | 0.643 |
Current pain perception |
r
s
= −0.08 | 1.000 |
r
s
= −0.55 |
0.003
| ||
Age |
r
s
= −0.22 | 1.000 |
r
s
= −0.37 | 0.224 | – | 0.658 |