Hybrid Resource Allocation Scheme in Multi-hop Device-to-Device Communication for 5G Networks

The 5G communication paradigm provides architecture of coexistence of device-to-device (D2D) communication with the current cellular communication. Direct D2D communication offloads the major traffic by enabling the localized communication between the users with the advantage of close proximity by reusing cellular resource block. However, direct D2D communication suffers from limited proximity constraint. In order to increase the proximity, direct D2D communication can be extended to multi-hop D2D communication. By sharing the cellular resource with multi-hop D2D pairs, a significant interference may occur that further reduces the system throughput. In order to reduce the interference and to increase the throughput of the network, a hybrid resource allocation scheme for the multi-hop D2D communication is proposed in this work. This scheme is divided into two parts. In first part, an interference matrix is constructed by using graph-based technique. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is applied in second part. The application of PSO not only reduces the interference at significant level but also harvests true potential gains of each resource block with improved overall throughput of the system. The extensive simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme with the random resource allocation scheme and graph-based resource allocation scheme. In addition, proposed scheme performs better in case of increased proximity and supports the minimum data rate compared to the orthogonal sharing-based resource allocation and cellular-oriented resource allocation schemes.