5. Hypotheses Verification

Using the methodologies of SEM and SFA to verify our hypotheses, we obtained the following analytical results. Agricultural development in Russia has made a significant progress since 2000s. First, a positive relationship among agricultural development and human development has increased (H1). However, agriculture and rural development in Russia has been uneven across regions; regions such as Siberian FD has left behind development. Secondly, structural changes in agricultural sector as well as human capital in higher education have impacts on the agricultural development since 2000s (H2). Although agricultural enterprises (AEs) remain an important role in the country’s agriculture performance among others, family farms (FFs) have started to have impact on agricultural development since 2011. During the period of 2012–2016, the efficiency of agricultural production has been improved through the structural change in the sector. However, human capital in general education has no impact on agricultural development in this period which was thought due to its migratory outflow to the urban area.