Skip to main content
Fachgebiete
Automobil + Motoren Bauwesen + Immobilien Business IT + Informatik Elektrotechnik + Elektronik Energie + Nachhaltigkeit Finance + Banking Management + Führung Marketing + Vertrieb Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe Versicherung + Risiko
DE
EN
Bücher
Zeitschriften
Themenseiten
Organisationspsychologie Projektmanagement Marketing Smart Manufacturing
Weitere Formate
Podcasts Webinare Technik Webinare Wirtschaft Kongresse Veranstaltungskalender Awards
Jetzt Einzelzugang starten
Zugang für Unternehmen
Referenzkunden
SLX-Digitalkonferenz: Zukunftswerkstatt 2024

Mehr Umsatz mit Top-Kontakten

Am 7. Mai erfahren Sie, wie Vertriebsteams Leadgenerierung, Leadnurturing und Leadstrategien effizient steuern können.
Erweiterte Suche
Anmelden
nach oben
Erschienen in:
Buchtitelbild

2016 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

1. Ice and Snow for Winter Sports

verfasst von : Norikazu Maeno

Erschienen in: The Engineering Approach to Winter Sports

Verlag: Springer New York

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

In the past winter sports were played only in cold areas during winter, but the development of techniques to artificially produce snow and ice has changed the situation. Now winter sports are enjoyed even in summer and almost all over the world regardless of season and area. Ice and snow are indispensable to winter sports because they cover a variety of ground surfaces, mountains, forests, lakes and so on, and provide us surfaces on which we can walk and play. Moreover ice and snow prepare slippery surfaces necessary for various kinds of winter sports such as ski, skate, sledge, curling, etc. The slipperiness is the most important property of ice and snow for winter sports.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren
Nächstes Kapitel Friction Between Ski and Snow
Literatur
1.
N. Maeno, Ice Science (Hokkaido University Press, Sapporo, 2004)
2.
V.F. Petrenko, R.W. Whitworth, Physics of Ice (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1999)
3.
F.D. Haynes, Effect of temperature on the strength of snow-ice, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory. CRREL Report 78-27 (1978)
4.
R.L. Hooke et al., Mechanical properties of polycrystalline ice: an assessment of current knowledge and priorities for research. Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. 3, 263–275 (1980)CrossRef
5.
J.H. Currier, E.M. Schulson, The tensile strength of ice as a function of grain size. Acta Metall. 30, 1511–1514 (1982)CrossRef
6.
R.W. Lee, E.M. Schulson, The strength and ductility of ice under tension. J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng. 110, 187–191 (1988)CrossRef
7.
E.M. Schulson, S.G. Hoxie, W.A. Nixon, The tensile strength of cracked ice. Philos. Mag. A59, 303–311 (1989)CrossRef
8.
J. Druez, P. Mccmber, Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering. Tech. rep. 13, 59 (1989)
9.
X. Xian et al., An experimental evaluation of the tensile strength of impact ice. J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 8, 1205–1208 (1989)CrossRef
10.
E.M. Schulson, The brittle compressive fracture of ice. Acta Metall. Mater. 30, 1963–1976 (1990)CrossRef
11.
M. Arakawa, N. Maeno, Mechanical strength of polycrystalline ice under uniaxial compression. Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. 26, 215–229 (1997)CrossRef
12.
J.J. Petrovich, Mechanical properties of ice and snow. J. Mater. Sci. 38, 1–6 (2003)CrossRef
13.
L.J. Gold, Engineering properties of fresh water ice. J. Glaciol. 19(81), 197–223 (1977)
14.
M. Akkok, C.M. McC. Ettles, S.J. Calabrese, Parameters affecting the kinetic friction of ice. J. Tribol. Trans. ASME 109, 552–561 (1987)
15.
A.M. Kietzig, S.G. Hatzikiriakos, P. Englezos, Physics of ice friction. J. Appl. Phys. 107, 08110 (2010)CrossRef
16.
C. Stamboulides, P. Englezos, S.G. Hatzikiriakos, The ice friction of polymeric substrates. Tribol. Int. 55, 59–67 (2012)CrossRef
17.
F.P. Bowden, T.P. Hughes, The mechanism of sliding on ice and snow. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A172, 280–298 (1939)CrossRef
18.
P. Oksanen, J. Keinonen, The mechanism of friction of ice. Wear 78, 315–324 (1982)CrossRef
19.
D.E. Jones, An experimental investigation of low-speed ice-ice friction. MA thesis. ME thesis, Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, 1989
20.
G. Casassa, H. Narita, N. Maeno, Shear cell experiment of snow and ice friction. J. Appl. Phys. 69, 3745–3756 (1991)CrossRef
21.
A. Yasutome, M. Arakawa, N. Maeno, Measurements of ice-ice friction coefficients. Seppyo 61(6), 443–447 (1999)
22.
S. Kanazawa, M. Arakara, N. Maeno, Measurements of ice-ice friction coefficients at low sliding velocities. Seppyo 65(4), 389–397 (2003)
23.
N. Maeno et al., Ice-ice friction measurements, and water lubrication and adhesion-shear mechanisms. Can. J. Phys. 81, 241–249 (2003)CrossRef
24.
N. Maeno, M. Arakawa, Adhesion shear theory of ice friction at low sliding velocities, combined with ice sintering. J. Appl. Phys. 95(1), 134–139 (2004)CrossRef
25.
D.C.B. Evans, J.F. Nye, K.J. Cheeseman, The kinetic friction of ice. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A347, 493–512 (1976)CrossRef
26.
D. Slotfeldt-Ellingsen, L. Torgersen, Water on ice; influence on friction. J. Phys. D 16, 1715–1720 (1983)CrossRef
27.
J. Joly, The phenomena of skating and Professor J. Thomson’s thermodynamic relation. Sci. Proc. R. Dublin Soc. 5, 453 (1887)
28.
O. Reynolds, On the slipperiness of ice. Mem. Proc. Manch. Lit. Philos. Soc. 43(5), 2 (1899)
29.
W.S.B. Patterson, The Physics of Glaciers, 3rd edn. (Elsevier, New York, 1994)
30.
M. Mellor, A review of basic snow mechanics. IAHS-AISH Pub. 114, 251–291 (1975)
31.
S.C. Colbeck, A review of the processes that control snow friction. CRREL Monograph 92–2, 1–40 (Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, 1993)
32.
M. Shimbo, Sliding on snow surface and friction. Seppyo 22(5), 147–156 (1960)
33.
F.P. Bowden, D. Tabor, The Friction and Lubrication of Solids (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1964)
34.
D. Kuroiwa et al., The coefficient of sliding friction between ski and chemically treated or mechanically compressed snow surface. Low Temp. Sci. A27, 229–245 (1969)
35.
R. Tanahashi, Mechanism of ski-sliding: effects of materials and vibration on friction. J. Jpn. Soc. Mech. Eng. 95(888), 1001–1004 (1992)
36.
D.A. Moldestad, Some aspects of ski base sliding friction and ski base structure, Engineering thesis, Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, 1999
37.
D. Buhl, M. Fauve, H. Rhyner, The kinetic friction of polyethylen on snow: the influence of the snow temperature and the load. Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. 33, 133–140 (2001)CrossRef
38.
39.
M.A.H. Leino, E. Spring, Determination of the Coefficient of Kinetic Friction Between Ski and Snow from Gliding Velocity of a Skier. Rep. Ser. Geophys. 19, 1–11 (University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 1984)
40.
R.I. Perla, Avalanche release, motion, and impact, in Dynamics of Snow and Ice Masses, ed. by S.C. Colbeck (Academic, New York, 1980), pp. 397–462CrossRef
41.
B. Glenne, Sliding friction and boundary lubrication of snow. J. Tribol. 109(4), 614–617 (1987)CrossRef
42.
S.C. Colbeck, Kinetic friction of snow. J. Glaciol. 34(116), 78–86 (1988)
43.
J. Erkkila et al., A cinematographic method for determination of the kinetic friction of skis on snow. Rep. Ser. Geophys. Univ. Hels. 21, 1–15 (1985)
44.
P. Kapps, W. Nachbauer, M. Mossner, Determination of kinetic friction and drag area in alpine skiing. Ski Trauma Skiing Saf. 10, 1–17 (1996)
Metadaten
Titel
Ice and Snow for Winter Sports
verfasst von
Norikazu Maeno
Copyright-Jahr
2016
Verlag
Springer New York
Buch
The Engineering Approach to Winter Sports

Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-3019-7

Electronic ISBN: 978-1-4939-3020-3

Copyright-Jahr: 2016

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3020-3_1

Premium Partner

    Marktübersichten

    Die im Laufe eines Jahres in der „adhäsion“ veröffentlichten Marktübersichten helfen Anwendern verschiedenster Branchen, sich einen gezielten Überblick über Lieferantenangebote zu verschaffen. 

    Zur Marktübersicht
    Bildnachweise