Identification of Geomorphic Anomaly and Morphotectonic Signature to Study the Seismotectonic Activity and Its Impact on Infrastructure Development Through Integrated Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques

The anomalous nature of basin morphological characteristics produces significant geomorphic anomaly which is the indicator of seismotectonic activity. In recent years, the increasing frequency of earthquakes and subsequent damages to infrastructures in Indian sub-continent reveal to study the seimotectonic earthquake. Hence, the present research focuses to identify the geomorphic anomaly and morphotectonic signature to study the seismotectonic activity and its impact on infrastructure development through integrated remote sensing and GIS techniques. The various geomorphic indices have been computed and superimposed curves have been analysed to identify the geomorphic anomaly. Also, the morphotectonic features have been recognized by analysing satellite images and field observation data to find out the active tectonic signature. Finally geomorphic anomaly and morphotectonic signature have been integrated to study the seismotectonic activity and compared with existing infrastructures to understand its seismic vulnerability. The analysis reveals that the neotectonic deformations, drainage anomaly, elongated basin, tilted surface and structural influence are the major geomorphic anomaly and significant evidences for seismotectonic activity in the study region. The various morphotectonic signatures such as narrow valley, knick point, alluvial terraces, triangular facets, river meander in resistance surface and uplifted topography are the great signatures of seismotectonic activity. The various infrastructures such as heritage, educational, private, administrative, residential buildings, communication bridges and roads have been developed in various towns which are associated with significant geomorphic anomaly and morphotectonic features are more vulnerable during seismic activity. Also, the seismic retrofitting techniques have been suggested for existing infrastructures to protect them during seismic activity.