Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Social Indicators Research 3/2018

06.10.2017 | Original Research

Identity, Belonging and Intentions to Leave of First and 1.5 Generation FSU Immigrants in Israel

verfasst von: Karin Amit

Erschienen in: Social Indicators Research | Ausgabe 3/2018

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Recent studies examining immigrant intentions to leave the host country have focused on return migration to the origin country (De Haas and Fokkema in Demogr Res 25:755–782, 2011; De Haas et al. in J Int Migr Integr 16(2):415–429, 2015). The current study examines immigrant intentions to leave the host country, but not necessarily to return to the homeland. The predictive model, which focuses on immigrant subjective identity, was tested through a survey of 338 first and 1.5 generation Former Soviet Union (FSU) immigrants in Israel, who applied to a prominent NGO to obtain proof of their Jewishness. These individuals are from the largest recent immigrant group in Israel, and are highly represented among the young adult (aged 25–40) immigrants leaving Israel. The findings indicate that contrary to our expectations, Israeli local identity did not have a significant effect on the immigrants’ intentions to leave Israel. By contrast, Jewish identity and level of religiosity did play a significant role in attenuating the immigrant’s tendency to leave. This paper highlights the complex relationship between ethnic identities and religiosity among immigrants in general, and in Israel in particular.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Fußnoten
1
Under the Law of Return, any immigrant to Israel who has at least one Jewish grandparent is entitled to citizenship. This definition is not congruent with the religious definition, which holds that a Jew is anyone whose mother is a Jew.
 
Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Amit, K. (2012). Social integration and identity of immigrants from the FSU, Western countries and Ethiopia in Israel. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 35(7), 1287–1310.CrossRef Amit, K. (2012). Social integration and identity of immigrants from the FSU, Western countries and Ethiopia in Israel. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 35(7), 1287–1310.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Amit, K., & Bar Lev, S. (2015). Immigrants’ sense of belonging to the host country: The role of life satisfaction, language proficiency, and religious motives. Social Indicators Research, 124(3), 947–961.CrossRef Amit, K., & Bar Lev, S. (2015). Immigrants’ sense of belonging to the host country: The role of life satisfaction, language proficiency, and religious motives. Social Indicators Research, 124(3), 947–961.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Amit, K., & Bollotin-Chachashvili, S. (Eds.) (2007). Ruppin index for immigrants’ integration in Israel—2nd report. The Institute for Immigration and Social Integration, Ruppin Academic Center, Publication no. 2. (Hebrew). Amit, K., & Bollotin-Chachashvili, S. (Eds.) (2007). Ruppin index for immigrants’ integration in Israel2nd report. The Institute for Immigration and Social Integration, Ruppin Academic Center, Publication no. 2. (Hebrew).
Zurück zum Zitat Anniste, K., & Tammaru, T. (2014). Ethnic differences in integration levels and return migration intentions: A study of Estonian migrants in Finland. Demographic Research, 30, 377–412.CrossRef Anniste, K., & Tammaru, T. (2014). Ethnic differences in integration levels and return migration intentions: A study of Estonian migrants in Finland. Demographic Research, 30, 377–412.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bauman, Z. (1996). Alone again: Ethics after certainty. London: Demos. Bauman, Z. (1996). Alone again: Ethics after certainty. London: Demos.
Zurück zum Zitat Baumann, G. (1999). The multicultural riddle: Rethinking national, ethnic and religious identities. New York: Routledge. Baumann, G. (1999). The multicultural riddle: Rethinking national, ethnic and religious identities. New York: Routledge.
Zurück zum Zitat Ben-Porat, G. (2013). Between state and synagogue: The secularization of contemporary Israel. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ben-Porat, G. (2013). Between state and synagogue: The secularization of contemporary Israel. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Black, R. (2002). Conceptions of “home” and the political geography of refugee repatriation: Between assumption and contested reality in Bosnia-Herzegovina. Applied Geography, 22, 123–138.CrossRef Black, R. (2002). Conceptions of “home” and the political geography of refugee repatriation: Between assumption and contested reality in Bosnia-Herzegovina. Applied Geography, 22, 123–138.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bollen, K. A., & Long, J. S. (1993). Testing structural equation models. London: Sage. Bollen, K. A., & Long, J. S. (1993). Testing structural equation models. London: Sage.
Zurück zum Zitat Byrne, B. M. (2001). Structural equation modeling with AMOS. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. Byrne, B. M. (2001). Structural equation modeling with AMOS. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Zurück zum Zitat Cassarino, J. P. (2004). Theorizing return migration: The conceptual approach to return migrants revisited. International Journal on Multicultural Societies, 6(2), 253–279. Cassarino, J. P. (2004). Theorizing return migration: The conceptual approach to return migrants revisited. International Journal on Multicultural Societies, 6(2), 253–279.
Zurück zum Zitat Castles, S. (2006). Guest-workers in Europe: A resurrection? International Migration Review, 40(4), 741–766.CrossRef Castles, S. (2006). Guest-workers in Europe: A resurrection? International Migration Review, 40(4), 741–766.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Clarke, S., Gilmour, R., & Garner, S. (2007). Home, identity and community cohesion. In M. Wetherell, M. Lafleche, & R. Berkeley (Eds.), Identity, ethnic diversity and community cohesion. London: Sage Publications. Clarke, S., Gilmour, R., & Garner, S. (2007). Home, identity and community cohesion. In M. Wetherell, M. Lafleche, & R. Berkeley (Eds.), Identity, ethnic diversity and community cohesion. London: Sage Publications.
Zurück zum Zitat Cohen, Y. (2011). Size and selectivity patterns of Israeli-born immigrants in OECD countries. International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 52(1–2), 45–62.CrossRef Cohen, Y. (2011). Size and selectivity patterns of Israeli-born immigrants in OECD countries. International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 52(1–2), 45–62.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Cohen, R., & Gold, G. (1997). Constructing ethnicity: Myth of return and modes of exclusion among Israelis in Toronto. International Migration, 35(3), 373–394.CrossRef Cohen, R., & Gold, G. (1997). Constructing ethnicity: Myth of return and modes of exclusion among Israelis in Toronto. International Migration, 35(3), 373–394.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Cohen, A., & Susser, B. (2000). Israel and the politics of Jewish identity: The secular-religious impasse. London: The John Hopkins University Press. Cohen, A., & Susser, B. (2000). Israel and the politics of Jewish identity: The secular-religious impasse. London: The John Hopkins University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat De Haas, H., & Fokkema, T. (2011). The effects of integration and transnational ties on international return migration intentions. Demographic Research, 25, 755–782.CrossRef De Haas, H., & Fokkema, T. (2011). The effects of integration and transnational ties on international return migration intentions. Demographic Research, 25, 755–782.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat De Haas, H., Fokkema, T., & Fihri, M. F. (2015). Return migration as failure or success? The determinants of return migration intentions among Moroccan migrants in Europe. Journal of International Migration & Integration, 16(2), 415–429.CrossRef De Haas, H., Fokkema, T., & Fihri, M. F. (2015). Return migration as failure or success? The determinants of return migration intentions among Moroccan migrants in Europe. Journal of International Migration & Integration, 16(2), 415–429.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Friedland, R. (2001). Religious nationalism and the problem of collective representation. Annual Review of Sociology, 27, 125–152.CrossRef Friedland, R. (2001). Religious nationalism and the problem of collective representation. Annual Review of Sociology, 27, 125–152.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Guarnizo, L. E. (1997). “Going home”: Class, gender and household transformation among Dominican return migrants. In P. Passar (Ed.), Caribbean circuits: New direction in the study of Caribbean migration (pp. 13–60). New York: Center for Migration Studies. Guarnizo, L. E. (1997). “Going home”: Class, gender and household transformation among Dominican return migrants. In P. Passar (Ed.), Caribbean circuits: New direction in the study of Caribbean migration (pp. 13–60). New York: Center for Migration Studies.
Zurück zum Zitat Haug, S. (2008). Migration networks and migration decision-making. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 34(4), 585–605.CrossRef Haug, S. (2008). Migration networks and migration decision-making. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 34(4), 585–605.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hoyle, R. H. (1995). Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues, and applications. London: Sage. Hoyle, R. H. (1995). Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues, and applications. London: Sage.
Zurück zum Zitat Jedwab, J. (2009). National identities and social integration in Canada and Israel. In J. Jedwab & K. Amit (Eds.), Canadian Universe, 1(1) 73–96. Jedwab, J. (2009). National identities and social integration in Canada and Israel. In J. Jedwab & K. Amit (Eds.), Canadian Universe, 1(1) 73–96.
Zurück zum Zitat Kheimets, M., & Epstein, A. (2001). Confronting the language of statehood: Theoretical and historical frameworks for the analysis of multilingual Russian Jewish intelligentsia in Israel. Language Problems and Language Planning, 25(2), 43–121.CrossRef Kheimets, M., & Epstein, A. (2001). Confronting the language of statehood: Theoretical and historical frameworks for the analysis of multilingual Russian Jewish intelligentsia in Israel. Language Problems and Language Planning, 25(2), 43–121.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lerner, J., Rappaport, T., & Lomsky-Feder, E. (2007). The ethnic script in action: The regrounding of Russian Jewish immigrants in Israel. Ethos, 35(2), 168–195.CrossRef Lerner, J., Rappaport, T., & Lomsky-Feder, E. (2007). The ethnic script in action: The regrounding of Russian Jewish immigrants in Israel. Ethos, 35(2), 168–195.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lissitsa, S., & Peres, Y. (2011). Criteria of sociocultural adjustment: The case of the Russian Community in Israel since 1989. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 35(2), 205–212.CrossRef Lissitsa, S., & Peres, Y. (2011). Criteria of sociocultural adjustment: The case of the Russian Community in Israel since 1989. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 35(2), 205–212.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Mak, A. S. (1997). Skilled Hong Kong immigrant’s intentions to repatriate. Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 6(2), 169–184.CrossRef Mak, A. S. (1997). Skilled Hong Kong immigrant’s intentions to repatriate. Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 6(2), 169–184.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Philippov, M., & Soffer, A. (2008). Does the Russian emigration from Israel indicate a failure? Ynet opinion column, February 28, 2008. (Hebrew). Philippov, M., & Soffer, A. (2008). Does the Russian emigration from Israel indicate a failure? Ynet opinion column, February 28, 2008. (Hebrew).
Zurück zum Zitat Portes, A., Parker, R. N., & Cobas, J. A. (1980). Assimilation or consciousness: Perceptions of United States society among recent Latin-American immigrants in the United-States. Social Forces, 59(1), 200–224.CrossRef Portes, A., Parker, R. N., & Cobas, J. A. (1980). Assimilation or consciousness: Perceptions of United States society among recent Latin-American immigrants in the United-States. Social Forces, 59(1), 200–224.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Portugali, A. (2016). The numbers are exposed. The True Economy website, March 8, 2016. (Hebrew) Portugali, A. (2016). The numbers are exposed. The True Economy website, March 8, 2016. (Hebrew)
Zurück zum Zitat Prashizky, A., & Remennick, L. (2016a). Ethnic awakening among Russian Israelis of 1.5 generation: Physical and symbolic dimensions of their belonging and protest. In A. Remennick (Ed.), Social papers: The Russian 1.5 generation in Israel—between protest and belonging (Vol. 18, pp. 1–17). Israel: Sociological Institute for Community Studies, Bar-Ilan University. Prashizky, A., & Remennick, L. (2016a). Ethnic awakening among Russian Israelis of 1.5 generation: Physical and symbolic dimensions of their belonging and protest. In A. Remennick (Ed.), Social papers: The Russian 1.5 generation in Israel—between protest and belonging (Vol. 18, pp. 1–17). Israel: Sociological Institute for Community Studies, Bar-Ilan University.
Zurück zum Zitat Prashizky, A., & Remennick, L. (2016b). Wedding in the town square: Young Russian Israelis protest the religious control of marriage in Tel Aviv. In A. Remennick (Ed.), Social papers: The Russian 1.5 generation in Israel—between protest and belonging (Vol. 18, pp. 34–52). Israel: Sociological Institute for Community Studies, Bar-Ilan University. Prashizky, A., & Remennick, L. (2016b). Wedding in the town square: Young Russian Israelis protest the religious control of marriage in Tel Aviv. In A. Remennick (Ed.), Social papers: The Russian 1.5 generation in Israel—between protest and belonging (Vol. 18, pp. 34–52). Israel: Sociological Institute for Community Studies, Bar-Ilan University.
Zurück zum Zitat Quaked, S. (2002). Transatlantic roundtable on high skilled migration and sending countries issues. International Migration, 40, 153–166.CrossRef Quaked, S. (2002). Transatlantic roundtable on high skilled migration and sending countries issues. International Migration, 40, 153–166.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Raijman, R. (2009). Immigration to Israel: A map of trends and empirical research: 1990–2007. Israeli Sociology, 10(2), 339–379. (Hebrew). Raijman, R. (2009). Immigration to Israel: A map of trends and empirical research: 1990–2007. Israeli Sociology, 10(2), 339–379. (Hebrew).
Zurück zum Zitat Raijman, R., & Pinsky, Y. (2013). Religion, ethnicity and identity: Former Soviet Christian immigrants in Israel. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 36(11), 1687–1705.CrossRef Raijman, R., & Pinsky, Y. (2013). Religion, ethnicity and identity: Former Soviet Christian immigrants in Israel. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 36(11), 1687–1705.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Rebhun, U., & Lev Ari, L. (2010). American Israelis: Migration, transnationalism and diasporic identities. Boston: Brill.CrossRef Rebhun, U., & Lev Ari, L. (2010). American Israelis: Migration, transnationalism and diasporic identities. Boston: Brill.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Remennick, L. (2003). The 1.5 generation of Russian immigrants in Israel: Between integration and sociocultural retention. Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies, 12(1), 39–66.CrossRef Remennick, L. (2003). The 1.5 generation of Russian immigrants in Israel: Between integration and sociocultural retention. Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies, 12(1), 39–66.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Remennick, L. (2004). Language acquisition, ethnicity and social integration among former Soviet immigrants of the 1990s in Israel. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 27(3), 431–454.CrossRef Remennick, L. (2004). Language acquisition, ethnicity and social integration among former Soviet immigrants of the 1990s in Israel. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 27(3), 431–454.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Remennick, L. (2006). Russian Jews on three continents: Identity, integration and conflict (pp. 53–168). New Jersey: Transaction Publishers. Remennick, L. (2006). Russian Jews on three continents: Identity, integration and conflict (pp. 53–168). New Jersey: Transaction Publishers.
Zurück zum Zitat Remmennick, L. (2013). Transnational lifestyles among Russian Israelis: A follow-up study. Global Networks, 13(4), 478–497.CrossRef Remmennick, L. (2013). Transnational lifestyles among Russian Israelis: A follow-up study. Global Networks, 13(4), 478–497.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Rumbaut, R. G., & Ima, K. (1988). The adaptation of Southeast Asian refugee youth: A comparative study. Final Report, Washington, D.C., U.S. Office of Refugee Resettlement. Rumbaut, R. G., & Ima, K. (1988). The adaptation of Southeast Asian refugee youth: A comparative study. Final Report, Washington, D.C., U.S. Office of Refugee Resettlement.
Zurück zum Zitat Sabar, G. (2010). Israel and the “holy land”: The religio-political discourse of rights among African migrant laborers and African asylum seekers 1990-2008. African Diaspora, 3, 43–76.CrossRef Sabar, G. (2010). Israel and the “holy land”: The religio-political discourse of rights among African migrant laborers and African asylum seekers 1990-2008. African Diaspora, 3, 43–76.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Semyonov, M., & Lewin-Epstein, N. (2006). Immigration and ethnicity in Israel: Returning Diaspora and nation-building. In M. Rainer & O. Rainer (Eds.), Diasporas and ethnic migrants (pp. 327–337). London: Frank Cass. Semyonov, M., & Lewin-Epstein, N. (2006). Immigration and ethnicity in Israel: Returning Diaspora and nation-building. In M. Rainer & O. Rainer (Eds.), Diasporas and ethnic migrants (pp. 327–337). London: Frank Cass.
Zurück zum Zitat Shenhav, Y. (2006). Modernity and hybridization of national and religion: Zionism and the Jews of the Middle East as a heuristic case. Theory and Society, 36(1), 1–30.CrossRef Shenhav, Y. (2006). Modernity and hybridization of national and religion: Zionism and the Jews of the Middle East as a heuristic case. Theory and Society, 36(1), 1–30.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Sorek, T., & Ceobanu, A. M. (2009). Religiosity, national identity and legitimacy: Israel as an extreme case. Sociology, 43(3), 477–496.CrossRef Sorek, T., & Ceobanu, A. M. (2009). Religiosity, national identity and legitimacy: Israel as an extreme case. Sociology, 43(3), 477–496.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Teo, S. Y. (2011). “The moon back home is brighter”?: Return migration and the cultural politics of belonging. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 37(5), 805–820.CrossRef Teo, S. Y. (2011). “The moon back home is brighter”?: Return migration and the cultural politics of belonging. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 37(5), 805–820.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Waldorf, B. (1995). Determinants of international return migration intentions. Professional Geographer, 47(2), 125–136.CrossRef Waldorf, B. (1995). Determinants of international return migration intentions. Professional Geographer, 47(2), 125–136.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Walters, D., Phythian, K., & Anisef, P. (2007). The acculturation of Canadian immigrants: Determinants of ethnic identification with the host society. The Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology, 44(1), 37–64.CrossRef Walters, D., Phythian, K., & Anisef, P. (2007). The acculturation of Canadian immigrants: Determinants of ethnic identification with the host society. The Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology, 44(1), 37–64.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Waxman, C. I. (2013). Multiculturalism, conversion, and the future of Israel as a modern state. Israel Studies Review, 28(1), 33–53.CrossRef Waxman, C. I. (2013). Multiculturalism, conversion, and the future of Israel as a modern state. Israel Studies Review, 28(1), 33–53.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Weingrod, A., & Leṿi, A. (2006). Paradoxes of homecoming: The Jews and their Diasporas. Anthropological Quarterly, 79(4), 691–716.CrossRef Weingrod, A., & Leṿi, A. (2006). Paradoxes of homecoming: The Jews and their Diasporas. Anthropological Quarterly, 79(4), 691–716.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ysseldyk, R., Matheson, K., & Anisman, H. (2010). Religiosity as identity: Toward an understanding of religion from a social identity perspective. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 14(1), 60–71.CrossRef Ysseldyk, R., Matheson, K., & Anisman, H. (2010). Religiosity as identity: Toward an understanding of religion from a social identity perspective. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 14(1), 60–71.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Zaiceva, A., & Zimmermann, K. F. (2012). Returning home at times of trouble? Return migration of EU enlargement migrants during the crisis. IZA Discussion Paper No. 7111. Zaiceva, A., & Zimmermann, K. F. (2012). Returning home at times of trouble? Return migration of EU enlargement migrants during the crisis. IZA Discussion Paper No. 7111.
Metadaten
Titel
Identity, Belonging and Intentions to Leave of First and 1.5 Generation FSU Immigrants in Israel
verfasst von
Karin Amit
Publikationsdatum
06.10.2017
Verlag
Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in
Social Indicators Research / Ausgabe 3/2018
Print ISSN: 0303-8300
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-0921
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-017-1758-2

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 3/2018

Social Indicators Research 3/2018 Zur Ausgabe