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2018 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Impact of the Crisis on Public Sector Employment: A Change of Perspective

verfasst von : Benedetto Ponti

Erschienen in: European Democratic Institutions and Administrations

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

The measures put in place to combat the economic crisis were aimed at reducing the total public sector wage bill in the euro zone peripheral countries. The contribution provides an updated interpretation of the rationale behind these measures—suited to solve a balance of payments crisis, rather than a fiscal crisis—which is suitable for the core/periphery structure of the EMU (Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union). The permanent (rather than transitory) nature of these measures calls into question the traditional role of the public sector employment, and their compatibility with the constitutional rights typical of the welfare state.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Technical Governments and Technical Experts in the Governments

Nächstes Kapitel Transformations and Innovations of Territorial Autonomies in the Aftermath of the Economic Crisis

Baldwin and Giavazzi (2015).

Constâncio (2013).

Bagnai (2013).

OECD (2005).

OECD (2008).

OECD (2012).

OECD (2015).

Cour de comptes (2015).

Vaughan-Whitehead (2013a).

Utrilla de la Hoz (2015).

Vaughan-Whitehead (2013b), p. 11.

Vaughan-Whitehead (2013b), pp. 12, 14: Table 1.2.

Ibid.

Bosch (2013) and Berndt (2013).

Rato (2013).

Gautié (2013), p. 179.

Gautié (2013), p. 179; Audier et al. (2015).

Interesting to note that, in the literature, the constraints arising from the participation to EMU have long been conceptualized by the use of Italian words (as the case of “vincolo esterno” in place of “external constraint”), similar to what once happened with the music glossary; see Featherstone and Dyson (1996).

Franičević and Matković (2013), Anxo (2013) and Grimshaw (2013).

Merloni (2011).

An example of this unsatisfactory framing is the one provided by Pollitt and Bouckaert (2011).

Merloni (2006).

Corte dei Conti (2013).

Corte dei Conti (2015).

Act of Law no. 124/2015 (adopted by the Italian Parliament in the mid-summer of 2015) empowered the Government to enact amendments on all the main aspects of public sector organization, with specific reference to public management; Constitutional Court’s judgement no. 251/2017 stated the constitutional illegitimacy of some aspects of that Act of Law, and forced the government and the parliament to act in line with some procedural requirements that had been bypassed.

Bagnai (2013), p. 38, picture no. 16.

See the Greek State Council’s Ruling no. 168/2012 (concerning the cutting of wages of civil servants); or—ex multis—the Italian Constitutional Court’s Ruling no. 215/2012 (concerning the wage freezing).

See EctHR’s ruling. nn. 62235/12 e 57725/12, Da Conceicao Mateus e Santos Juanuario.

“The Italian Constitutional Court declared the supervened unconstitutionality of the provision (contained in the already mentioned Act of Law n. 78/2010), concerning suspension of collective bargaining practices for public employees. This suspension had first been introduced in 2010 for the 2011–2013 period and has then been extended until the end of 2015 through several subsequent amendments. More specifically, the Constitutional Court indicated that the 2015 Finance Act (Act of Law No. 190 of December 23, 2014), by further extending the suspension of collective bargaining practices until the end of 2015 and by excluding the possibility to increase the payment of indemnity for unused leave until 2018, violates Art. 39, paragraph 1 of the Italian Constitution, concerning trade union freedom. The Court has resolved that the violation arises from the repeated renewal of the suspension of collective bargaining practices, which was first adopted as an exceptional economic measure in 2010, originally only for a limited time. Therefore, according to the Court, it is not the suspension per se to be unconstitutional, as already stated in two of its previous rulings (respectively Ruling No. 310/2013 and Ruling No. 125/2014), whereas it is the further extension of this suspension over the years that, by conferring a structural, more definitive, character to the suspension, created a situation of supervened unconstitutionality”, see http://www3.unisi.it/dipec/palomar/italy32_2015.html#2.

See the contributions of Civitarese and Gambino, in this book.

Ricci (2015).

Vaughan-Whitehead (2013b), p. 21.

Anxo (2013), p. 564.

Vaughan-Whitehead (2013b), p. 37.

Anxo D (2013) Early fiscal consolidation and negotiated flexibility in Sweden: a fair way out of the crisis? In: Vaughan-Whitehead D (ed) Public sector shock. The impact of policy retrenchment in Europe. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, pp 543–574CrossRef

Audier F, Bacache-Beauvallet M, Courtioux P, Gautié J (2015) Politique salariale et mode de rémuneration dans la fonction publique en France depuis les années 2000: mutations et enjeux. RFAP 153(1):213–229

Bagnai A (2013) Unhappy families are all alike: Minskyan cycles, Kaldorian growth, and the Eurozone peripheral crises, a/Working Papers Series 1301, Italian Association for the Study of Economic Asymmetries, Rome. https://ideas.repec.org/p/ais/wpaper/1301.html. Accessed 10 Oct 2015

Baldwin R, Giavazzi F (2015) The Eurozone crisis: a consensus view of the causes and a few possible solutions. In: Baldwin R, Giavazzi F (eds) The Eurozone crisis: a consensus view of the causes (introduction). CEPR Press. http://voxeu.org/article/eurozone-crisis-consensus-view-causes-and-few-possible-solutions. Accessed 15 Jan 2016

Berndt K (2013) Germany: the public sector in the financial and debt crisis. Eur J Ind Relat 19(4):359–374CrossRef

Bosch G (2013) Public sector adjustments in Germany: from cooperative to competitive federalism. In: Vaughan-Whitehead D (ed) Public sector shock. The impact of policy retrenchment in Europe. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, pp 214–257CrossRef

Constâncio V (2013) The European crisis and the role of the financial system. Speech by Vítor Constâncio, Vice-President of the ECB, at the Bank of Greece conference on “The crisis in the euro area”, Athens, 23 May 2013. http://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/key/date/2013/html/sp130523_1.en.html. Accessed 12 Dec 2015

Corte dei Conti (2013) Relazione 2013 sul costo del lavoro pubblico. http://www.corteconti.it/export/sites/portalecdc/_documenti/controllo/sezioni_riunite/sezioni_riunite_in_sede_di_controllo/2013/delibera_9_2013.pdf. Accessed 10 Oct 2014

Corte dei Conti (2015) La spesa per il personale degli Enti territoriali. Analisi della consistenza numerica e funzionale del personale e della relativa spesa di Regioni, Province e Comuni nel triennio 2011–2013. http://www.corteconti.it/export/sites/portalecdc/_documenti/controllo/sez_autonomie/2015/delibera_16_2015_sezaut.pdf

Cour de comptes (2015) La masse salariale de l’Ėtat. Enjeux et leviers. http://www.ccomptes.fr/Publications/Publications/La-masse-salariale-de-l-Etat-enjeux-et-leviers. Accessed 15 Nov 2015

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Gautié J (2013) France: the public service under pressure. In: Vaughan-Whitehead D (ed) Public sector shock. The impact of policy retrenchment in Europe. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, pp 174–212CrossRef

Grimshaw D (2013) Austerity, privatization and levelling down: public sector reforms in the United Kingdom? In: Vaughan-Whitehead D (ed) Public sector shock. The impact of policy retrenchment in Europe. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, pp 576–625CrossRef

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Merloni F (2011) The senior civil servants (“dirigenti”) in Italy. Ius Publicum Network Review 1 (Special):118. http://www.iuspublicum.com/repository/uploads/03_06_2011_12_19_TheseniorcivilservantsinItaly_Merloni.pdf. Accessed 1 Dec 2015

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Vaughan-Whitehead D (ed) (2013a) Public sector shock. The impact of policy retrenchment in Europe. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham

Vaughan-Whitehead D (2013b) Public sector shock in Europe: between structural reforms and quantitative adjustment. In: Vaughan-Whitehead D (ed) Public sector shock. The impact of policy retrenchment in Europe. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, pp 1–42CrossRef

Titel: Impact of the Crisis on Public Sector Employment: A Change of Perspective
verfasst von: Benedetto Ponti
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Buch: European Democratic Institutions and Administrations
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-72492-8

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-72493-5

Copyright-Jahr: 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72493-5_4