Improving the Efficiency of Silicate Materials Through the Use of Lime-Sand-Clay Binder

Currently, in the construction of buildings and structures, builders use a variety of building materials and products for various functional purposes, including silicate materials. On the territory of Russia, there are a large number of sands with a high content of clay impurities, which makes it difficult to use them in the production of silicate materials. The purpose of the research was to study the properties of autoclave-hardened silicate materials using sands containing clay impurities, as well as the interaction processes in the “lime—sand-clay rock—sand-aggregate—water” system. Based on the conducted studies, it was found that sand-clay rocks containing 20% wt. of clay impurities are widely distributed in Russia and can be used as a component of the raw material mixture to produce silicate composites. The use of such raw materials allows accelerating the synthesis of new things, and as a result, increasing the performance indicators of finished products. To achieve maximum efficiency, the sand-clay rock must be used as a part of an aluminosilicate binder obtained by joint grinding of the initial rock and lime, which will ensure the most uniform distribution of the clay fraction in the raw mixture. The optimal total content of sand-clay rocks in the raw material mixture, which ensures the achievement of maximum strength indicators, is 35–40 wt.%.