In Vitro Sterilization and Shoot Induction of Fig (Ficus carica L.) Using MS Containing GA₃ Medium Supplemented with BAP and NAA

The purpose of this research was to obtain the proper sterilization method for fig (Ficus carica L.) shoot and determine the best combination of BAP and NAA for in vitro shoot induction of fig. The sterilization research was arranged in completely randomized design (CRD), a single factor with five treatments. The treatments tested were dipping in NaClO (0.1, 5% for 7 min), fungicide and bactericide 4 g/L (5 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h). Each treatment was repeated three times. Parameters measured were the percentage of browning explants, the percentage of contaminated explants and the percentage of survive explants. Shoots induction research was arranged in completely randomized design (CRD), a single factor with seven treatments. The treatments tested were the addition of BAP (0, 2, 4, 6 mg/L) and NAA (0, 0.5, 1 mg/L) to the MS medium containing GA₃. Each treatment was repeated six times. Parameters measured were the percentage of contaminated explants, the percentage of survive explants, percentage of shoot formation, percentage of browning explants, number of shoots, shoot height, number of leaves and percentage of rooted explants. The best method for fig shoot sterilization was dipping explants in NaClO10%, 5′ + NaClO 5%, 7′ + fungicide and bactericide 4 g/L for 3 h with the percentage of survival explants 100% during 30 days of observation. The addition of 2 mg/L BAP and 0.5 mg/L NAA into MS containing GA₃ medium was favorable to produce among the highest percentage of fig shoot formation (33.33%) and the browning explants (0.00%).