Skip to main content

2019 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Inactivation of Cryptosporidium by Advanced Oxidation Processes

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Cryptosporidium, a protozoan parasite, was found responsible for numerous water- and foodborne outbreaks. The high risk introduced by the presence of Cryptosporidium in water is attributed to its low infectious dose and its resistance to environmental stress and conventional disinfection processes. Since Cryptosporidium oocysts are highly resistant to chlorine, the most applied water disinfectant, alternative disinfectants were proposed and applied to reduce the health risks of Cryptosporidium in water, among them advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), based on highly reactive oxidants, mainly hydroxyl radicals. AOPs proved to be efficient in reducing the concentration of micropollutants. The data presented here proved also that AOPs are effective in the inactivation of Cryptosporidium and other waterborne pathogens. Therefore AOPs can be applied as a barrier for reducing the health risks of waterborne Cryptosporidium.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat D'Antonio RG, Winn RE, Taylor JP, Gustafson TL, Current WL, Rhodes MM, Gary GW Jr, Zajac RA (1985) A waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in normal hosts. Ann Intern Med 103(6_Part_1):886–888CrossRef D'Antonio RG, Winn RE, Taylor JP, Gustafson TL, Current WL, Rhodes MM, Gary GW Jr, Zajac RA (1985) A waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in normal hosts. Ann Intern Med 103(6_Part_1):886–888CrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat MacKenzie W, Hoxie N, Proctor M, Gradus M, Blari K, Peterson D, Kazmierczak J, Davis J (1994) A massive outbreak in Milwaukee of Cryptosporidium infection transmitted through the public water supply. N Engl J Med 331(3):161–167CrossRef MacKenzie W, Hoxie N, Proctor M, Gradus M, Blari K, Peterson D, Kazmierczak J, Davis J (1994) A massive outbreak in Milwaukee of Cryptosporidium infection transmitted through the public water supply. N Engl J Med 331(3):161–167CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat DuPont HL, Chappell CL, Sterling CR, Okhuysen PC, Rose JB, Jakubowski W (1995) The infectivity of Cryptosporidium parvum in healthy volunteers. N Engl J Med 332:855–859CrossRef DuPont HL, Chappell CL, Sterling CR, Okhuysen PC, Rose JB, Jakubowski W (1995) The infectivity of Cryptosporidium parvum in healthy volunteers. N Engl J Med 332:855–859CrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Baldursson S, Karanis P (2011) Waterborne transmission of protozoan parasites: review of worldwide outbreaks – an update 2004-2010. Water Res 45(20):6603–6614CrossRef Baldursson S, Karanis P (2011) Waterborne transmission of protozoan parasites: review of worldwide outbreaks – an update 2004-2010. Water Res 45(20):6603–6614CrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Rose JB, Huffman DE, Gennaccaro A (2002) Risk and control of waterborne cryptosporidiosis. FEMS Microbiol Rev 26(2):113–123CrossRef Rose JB, Huffman DE, Gennaccaro A (2002) Risk and control of waterborne cryptosporidiosis. FEMS Microbiol Rev 26(2):113–123CrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Long SM, Adak GK, O’Brien SJ, Gillespie IA (2002) General outbreaks of infectious intestinal disease linked with salad vegetables and fruit, England and Wales, 1992-2000. Commun Dis Public Health 5(2):101–105 Long SM, Adak GK, O’Brien SJ, Gillespie IA (2002) General outbreaks of infectious intestinal disease linked with salad vegetables and fruit, England and Wales, 1992-2000. Commun Dis Public Health 5(2):101–105
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Craun GF, Hubbs SA, Frost F, Calderon RL, Via SH (1998) Waterborne outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis. J Am Water Works Assoc 90(9):81–91CrossRef Craun GF, Hubbs SA, Frost F, Calderon RL, Via SH (1998) Waterborne outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis. J Am Water Works Assoc 90(9):81–91CrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Benshoshan M, Vaizel-Ohayon D, Aharoni A, Nitzan Y, Rebhun M, Nasser AM (2015) Prevalence and fate of Cryptosporidium genotypes in two wastewater treatment plants. J Environ Sci Health A 50(12):1265–1273CrossRef Benshoshan M, Vaizel-Ohayon D, Aharoni A, Nitzan Y, Rebhun M, Nasser AM (2015) Prevalence and fate of Cryptosporidium genotypes in two wastewater treatment plants. J Environ Sci Health A 50(12):1265–1273CrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Nasser AM (2016) Removal of Cryptosporidium by wastewater treatment processes, a review. J Water Health 14(1):1–13CrossRef Nasser AM (2016) Removal of Cryptosporidium by wastewater treatment processes, a review. J Water Health 14(1):1–13CrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Robertson LJ, Campbell AT, Smith HV (1992) Survival of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts under various environmental pressures. Appl Environ Microbiol 58(11):3494–3500 Robertson LJ, Campbell AT, Smith HV (1992) Survival of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts under various environmental pressures. Appl Environ Microbiol 58(11):3494–3500
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Nasser AM, Tweto E, Nitzan Y (2007) Die-off of C. parvum in soil and wastewater effluents. J Appl Microbiol 102:169–176CrossRef Nasser AM, Tweto E, Nitzan Y (2007) Die-off of C. parvum in soil and wastewater effluents. J Appl Microbiol 102:169–176CrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Fayer R, Trout JM, Jenkins MC (1998) Infectivity of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts stored in water at environmental temperatures. J Parasitol 84:1165–1169CrossRef Fayer R, Trout JM, Jenkins MC (1998) Infectivity of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts stored in water at environmental temperatures. J Parasitol 84:1165–1169CrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Campbell AT, Robertson LJ, Smith HV (1992) Viability of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts: correlation of in vitro excystation with inclusion or exclusion of fluorogenic vital dyes. Appl Environ Microbiol 58:3488–3493 Campbell AT, Robertson LJ, Smith HV (1992) Viability of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts: correlation of in vitro excystation with inclusion or exclusion of fluorogenic vital dyes. Appl Environ Microbiol 58:3488–3493
14.
Zurück zum Zitat U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Method 1623.1: Cryptosporidium and Giardia in water by IFA/IMS/FA (2012) EPA 821-R-01-025. Office of Water, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Method 1623.1: Cryptosporidium and Giardia in water by IFA/IMS/FA (2012) EPA 821-R-01-025. Office of Water, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Tzipori S, Angus KW, Campbell I, Gray EW (1982) Experimental infection of lambs with Cryptosporidium isolated from a human patient with diarrhea. Gut 23(1):71–74CrossRef Tzipori S, Angus KW, Campbell I, Gray EW (1982) Experimental infection of lambs with Cryptosporidium isolated from a human patient with diarrhea. Gut 23(1):71–74CrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Slifko TR, Friedman D, Rose JB, Jakubowski W (1997) An in vitro method for detecting infectious Cryptosporidium oocysts with cell culture. Appl Environ Microbiol 63(9):3669–3675 Slifko TR, Friedman D, Rose JB, Jakubowski W (1997) An in vitro method for detecting infectious Cryptosporidium oocysts with cell culture. Appl Environ Microbiol 63(9):3669–3675
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Rochelle PA, Marshall MM, Mead JR, Johnson AM, Korich DG, Rosen JS, De Leon R (2002) Comparison of in vitro cell culture and a mouse assay for measuring infectivity of Cryptosporidium parvum. Appl Environ Microbiol 68(8):3809–3817CrossRef Rochelle PA, Marshall MM, Mead JR, Johnson AM, Korich DG, Rosen JS, De Leon R (2002) Comparison of in vitro cell culture and a mouse assay for measuring infectivity of Cryptosporidium parvum. Appl Environ Microbiol 68(8):3809–3817CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Rochelle PA, Ferguson DM, Handojo TJ, De Leon R, Stewart MH, Wolfe RL (1997) An assay combining cell culture with reverse transcriptase PCR to detect and determine the infectivity of waterborne Cryptosporidium parvum. Appl Environ Microbiol 63:2029–2037 Rochelle PA, Ferguson DM, Handojo TJ, De Leon R, Stewart MH, Wolfe RL (1997) An assay combining cell culture with reverse transcriptase PCR to detect and determine the infectivity of waterborne Cryptosporidium parvum. Appl Environ Microbiol 63:2029–2037
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Di Giovanni GD, Hashemi FH, Shaw NJ, Abrams FA, LeChevallier MW, Abbaszadegan M (1999) Detection of infectious Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in surface and filter backwash water samples by immunomagnetic separation and integrated cell culture-PCR. Appl Environ Microbiol 65(8):3427–3432 Di Giovanni GD, Hashemi FH, Shaw NJ, Abrams FA, LeChevallier MW, Abbaszadegan M (1999) Detection of infectious Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in surface and filter backwash water samples by immunomagnetic separation and integrated cell culture-PCR. Appl Environ Microbiol 65(8):3427–3432
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Korich DG, Mead JR, Madore MS, Sinclair NA, Sterling CR (1990) Effects of ozone, chlorine dioxide, chlorine, and monochloramine on Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst viability. Appl Environ Microbiol 56(5):1423–1428 Korich DG, Mead JR, Madore MS, Sinclair NA, Sterling CR (1990) Effects of ozone, chlorine dioxide, chlorine, and monochloramine on Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst viability. Appl Environ Microbiol 56(5):1423–1428
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Venczel LV, Arrowood M, Hurd M, Sobsey MD (1997) Inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and Clostridium perfringens spores by a mixed-oxidant disinfectant and by free chlorine. Appl Environ Microbiol 63(4):1598–1601 Venczel LV, Arrowood M, Hurd M, Sobsey MD (1997) Inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and Clostridium perfringens spores by a mixed-oxidant disinfectant and by free chlorine. Appl Environ Microbiol 63(4):1598–1601
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Li H, Finch GR, Smith DW, Belosevic M (2001) Sequential inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum using ozone and chlorine. Water Res 35(18):4339–4348CrossRef Li H, Finch GR, Smith DW, Belosevic M (2001) Sequential inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum using ozone and chlorine. Water Res 35(18):4339–4348CrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Gyurek LL, Finch GR, Belosevic M (1997) Modeling chlorine inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. J Environ Eng 9:865–875CrossRef Gyurek LL, Finch GR, Belosevic M (1997) Modeling chlorine inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. J Environ Eng 9:865–875CrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Chauret CP, Radziminski CZ, Lepuil M, Creason R, Andrews RC (2001) Chlorine dioxide inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and bacterial spore indicators. Appl Environ Microbiol 67(7):2993–3001CrossRef Chauret CP, Radziminski CZ, Lepuil M, Creason R, Andrews RC (2001) Chlorine dioxide inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and bacterial spore indicators. Appl Environ Microbiol 67(7):2993–3001CrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Driedger AM, Rennecker JL, Mariñas BJ (2001) Inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts with ozone and monochloramine at low temperature. Water Res 35(1):41–48CrossRef Driedger AM, Rennecker JL, Mariñas BJ (2001) Inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts with ozone and monochloramine at low temperature. Water Res 35(1):41–48CrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Corona-Vasquez B, Samuelson A, Rennecker JL, Mariñas BJ (2002) Inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts with ozone and free chlorine. Water Res 36(16):4053–4063CrossRef Corona-Vasquez B, Samuelson A, Rennecker JL, Mariñas BJ (2002) Inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts with ozone and free chlorine. Water Res 36(16):4053–4063CrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Driedger AM, Rennecker JL, Mariñas BJ (2000) Sequential inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts with ozone and free chlorine. Water Res 34(14):3591–3597CrossRef Driedger AM, Rennecker JL, Mariñas BJ (2000) Sequential inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts with ozone and free chlorine. Water Res 34(14):3591–3597CrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Rennecker JL, Driedger AM, Rubin SA, Mariñas BJ (2000) Synergy in sequential inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum with ozone/free chlorine and zone/monochloramine. Water Res 34(17):4121–4130CrossRef Rennecker JL, Driedger AM, Rubin SA, Mariñas BJ (2000) Synergy in sequential inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum with ozone/free chlorine and zone/monochloramine. Water Res 34(17):4121–4130CrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Corona-Vasquez B, Rennecker JL, Driedger AM, Mariñas BJ (2002) Sequential inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts with chlorine followed by free chlorine or monochloramine. Water Res 36:178–188CrossRef Corona-Vasquez B, Rennecker JL, Driedger AM, Mariñas BJ (2002) Sequential inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts with chlorine followed by free chlorine or monochloramine. Water Res 36:178–188CrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Sunnotel O, Verdoold R, Dunlop PS, Snelling WJ, Lowery CJ, Dooley JS, Moore JE, Byrne JA (2010) Photocatalytic inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum on nanostructured titanium dioxide films. J Water Health 8(1):83–91CrossRef Sunnotel O, Verdoold R, Dunlop PS, Snelling WJ, Lowery CJ, Dooley JS, Moore JE, Byrne JA (2010) Photocatalytic inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum on nanostructured titanium dioxide films. J Water Health 8(1):83–91CrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Cho M, Lee Y, Chung H, Yoon J (2004) Inactivation of Escherichia coli by photochemical reaction of ferrioxalate at slightly acidic and near-neutral pHs. Appl Environ Microbiol 70(2):1129–1134CrossRef Cho M, Lee Y, Chung H, Yoon J (2004) Inactivation of Escherichia coli by photochemical reaction of ferrioxalate at slightly acidic and near-neutral pHs. Appl Environ Microbiol 70(2):1129–1134CrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Egerton TA, Kosa SA, Christensen PA (2006) Photoelectrocatalytic disinfection of E. coli suspensions by iron doped TiO2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 21(3):398–406CrossRef Egerton TA, Kosa SA, Christensen PA (2006) Photoelectrocatalytic disinfection of E. coli suspensions by iron doped TiO2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 21(3):398–406CrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Maness P-C, Smolinski S, Blake DM, Huang Z, Wolfrum EJ, Jacoby WA (1999) Bactericidal activity of photocatalytic TiO2 reaction: toward an understanding of its killing mechanism. Appl Environ Microbiol 65:4094–4098 Maness P-C, Smolinski S, Blake DM, Huang Z, Wolfrum EJ, Jacoby WA (1999) Bactericidal activity of photocatalytic TiO2 reaction: toward an understanding of its killing mechanism. Appl Environ Microbiol 65:4094–4098
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Su M, Yang Y, Yang G (2006) Quantitative measurement of hydroxyl radical induced DNA double-strand breaks and the effect of N-acetyl-L-cysteine. FEBS Lett 580(17):4136–4142CrossRef Su M, Yang Y, Yang G (2006) Quantitative measurement of hydroxyl radical induced DNA double-strand breaks and the effect of N-acetyl-L-cysteine. FEBS Lett 580(17):4136–4142CrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Rincón A-G, Pulgarin C (2004) Field solar E. coli inactivation in the absence and presence of TiO2: is UV solar dose an appropriate parameter for standardization of water solar disinfection? Solar Energy 77(5):635–648CrossRef Rincón A-G, Pulgarin C (2004) Field solar E. coli inactivation in the absence and presence of TiO2: is UV solar dose an appropriate parameter for standardization of water solar disinfection? Solar Energy 77(5):635–648CrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat King BJ, Hoefel D, Daminato DP, Fanok S, Monis PT (2008) Solar UV reduces Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst infectivity in environmental waters. J Appl Microbiol 104(5):1311–1323CrossRef King BJ, Hoefel D, Daminato DP, Fanok S, Monis PT (2008) Solar UV reduces Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst infectivity in environmental waters. J Appl Microbiol 104(5):1311–1323CrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Connelly SJ, Wolyniak EA, Williamson CE, Jellison KL (2007) Artificial UV-B and solar radiation reduce in vitro infectivity of the human pathogen Cryptosporidium parvum. Environ Sci Technol 41(20):7101–7106CrossRef Connelly SJ, Wolyniak EA, Williamson CE, Jellison KL (2007) Artificial UV-B and solar radiation reduce in vitro infectivity of the human pathogen Cryptosporidium parvum. Environ Sci Technol 41(20):7101–7106CrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat McGuigan KG, Méndez-Hermida F, Castro-Hermida JA, Ares-Mazás E, Kehoe SC, Boyle M, Sichel C, Fernández-Ibáñez P, Meyer BP, Ramalingham S, Meyer EA (2006) Batch solar disinfection inactivates oocysts of Cryptosporidium parvum and cysts of Giardia muris in drinking water. J Appl Microbiol 101(2):453–463CrossRef McGuigan KG, Méndez-Hermida F, Castro-Hermida JA, Ares-Mazás E, Kehoe SC, Boyle M, Sichel C, Fernández-Ibáñez P, Meyer BP, Ramalingham S, Meyer EA (2006) Batch solar disinfection inactivates oocysts of Cryptosporidium parvum and cysts of Giardia muris in drinking water. J Appl Microbiol 101(2):453–463CrossRef
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Theitler DJ, Nasser A, Gerchman Y, Kribus A, Mamane H (2012) Synergistic effect of heat and solar UV on DNA damage and water disinfection of E. coli and bacteriophage MS2. J Water Health 10(4):605–618CrossRef Theitler DJ, Nasser A, Gerchman Y, Kribus A, Mamane H (2012) Synergistic effect of heat and solar UV on DNA damage and water disinfection of E. coli and bacteriophage MS2. J Water Health 10(4):605–618CrossRef
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Byrne JA, Fernandez-Ibañez PA, Dunlop PSM, Alrousan DMA, Hamilton JWJ (2011) Photocatalytic enhancement for solar disinfection of water: a review. Int J Photoenergy 2011:12. Article ID: 798051CrossRef Byrne JA, Fernandez-Ibañez PA, Dunlop PSM, Alrousan DMA, Hamilton JWJ (2011) Photocatalytic enhancement for solar disinfection of water: a review. Int J Photoenergy 2011:12. Article ID: 798051CrossRef
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Ireland JC, Klostermann P, Rice EW, Clark RM (1993) Inactivation of Escherichia coli by titanium dioxide photocatalytic oxidation. Appl Environ Microbiol 59(5):1668–1670 Ireland JC, Klostermann P, Rice EW, Clark RM (1993) Inactivation of Escherichia coli by titanium dioxide photocatalytic oxidation. Appl Environ Microbiol 59(5):1668–1670
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Cho M, Yoon J (2008) Measurement of OH radical CT for inactivating Cryptosporidium parvum using photo/ferrioxalate and photo/TiO2 systems. J Appl Microbiol 104:759–766CrossRef Cho M, Yoon J (2008) Measurement of OH radical CT for inactivating Cryptosporidium parvum using photo/ferrioxalate and photo/TiO2 systems. J Appl Microbiol 104:759–766CrossRef
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Abeledo-Lameiro MJ, Ares-Mazás E, Gómez-Couso H (2016) Evaluation of solar photocatalysis using TiO2 slurry in the inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in water. J Photochem Photobiol B 163:92–99CrossRef Abeledo-Lameiro MJ, Ares-Mazás E, Gómez-Couso H (2016) Evaluation of solar photocatalysis using TiO2 slurry in the inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in water. J Photochem Photobiol B 163:92–99CrossRef
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Delling C, Holzhausen I, Daugschies A, Lendner M (2016) Inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum under laboratory conditions. Parasitol Res 115(2):863–866CrossRef Delling C, Holzhausen I, Daugschies A, Lendner M (2016) Inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum under laboratory conditions. Parasitol Res 115(2):863–866CrossRef
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Ryu H, Gerrity D, Crittenden JC, Abbaszadegan M (2008) Photocatalytic inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum with TiO2 and low-pressure ultraviolet irradiation. Water Res 42(6–7):1523–1530CrossRef Ryu H, Gerrity D, Crittenden JC, Abbaszadegan M (2008) Photocatalytic inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum with TiO2 and low-pressure ultraviolet irradiation. Water Res 42(6–7):1523–1530CrossRef
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhou P, Di Giovanni GD, Meschke JS, Dodd MC (2014) Enhanced inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts during solar photolysis of free available chlorine. Environ Sci Technol Lett 1(11):453–458CrossRef Zhou P, Di Giovanni GD, Meschke JS, Dodd MC (2014) Enhanced inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts during solar photolysis of free available chlorine. Environ Sci Technol Lett 1(11):453–458CrossRef
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Kniel KE, Sumner SS, Pierson MD, Zajac AM, Hackney C, Fayer RR, Lindsay DS (2004) Effect of hydrogen peroxide and other protease inhibitors on Cryptosporidium parvum excystation and in vitro development. J Parasitol 90(4):885–888CrossRef Kniel KE, Sumner SS, Pierson MD, Zajac AM, Hackney C, Fayer RR, Lindsay DS (2004) Effect of hydrogen peroxide and other protease inhibitors on Cryptosporidium parvum excystation and in vitro development. J Parasitol 90(4):885–888CrossRef
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Abeledo-Lameiro MJ, Reboredo-Fernández A, Polo-López MI, Fernández-Ibáñez P, Ares-Mazás E, Gómez-Couso H (2017) Photocatalytic inactivation of the waterborne protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium parvum using TiO2/H2O2 under simulated and natural solar conditions. Catal Today 280:132–138CrossRef Abeledo-Lameiro MJ, Reboredo-Fernández A, Polo-López MI, Fernández-Ibáñez P, Ares-Mazás E, Gómez-Couso H (2017) Photocatalytic inactivation of the waterborne protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium parvum using TiO2/H2O2 under simulated and natural solar conditions. Catal Today 280:132–138CrossRef
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Cho M, Yoon Y (2006) Enhanced bactericidal effect of O3/H2O2 followed by Cl2. J Ozone Sci Eng 28(5):335–340CrossRef Cho M, Yoon Y (2006) Enhanced bactericidal effect of O3/H2O2 followed by Cl2. J Ozone Sci Eng 28(5):335–340CrossRef
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Barbee SL, Weber DJ, Sobsey MD, Rutala WA (1999) Inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst infectivity by disinfection and sterilization processes. Gastrointest Endosc 49(5):605–611CrossRef Barbee SL, Weber DJ, Sobsey MD, Rutala WA (1999) Inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst infectivity by disinfection and sterilization processes. Gastrointest Endosc 49(5):605–611CrossRef
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Rodríguez-Chueca J, Ormad Melero MP, Mosteo Abad R, Esteban Finol J, Ovelleiro Narvión JL (2015) Inactivation of Escherichia coli in fresh water with advanced oxidation processes based on the combination of O3, H2O2 and TiO2. Kinetic modeling. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 22(13):10280–10290CrossRef Rodríguez-Chueca J, Ormad Melero MP, Mosteo Abad R, Esteban Finol J, Ovelleiro Narvión JL (2015) Inactivation of Escherichia coli in fresh water with advanced oxidation processes based on the combination of O3, H2O2 and TiO2. Kinetic modeling. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 22(13):10280–10290CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Inactivation of Cryptosporidium by Advanced Oxidation Processes
verfasst von
Abidelfatah M. Nasser
Copyright-Jahr
2019
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2017_85