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2016 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

3. Indirect Effects from Resource Sufficiency Behaviour in Germany

verfasst von : Johannes Buhl, José Acosta

Erschienen in: Rethinking Climate and Energy Policies

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

The notion of rebound effects commonly suggests that an efficiency strategy is found to be insufficient to address an absolute reduction of raw material consumption. Advocates of eco-sufficiency claim that renouncing affluent consumption could limit resource consumption appropriately. Still, the literature on sufficiency fails to empirically corroborate their strategy. In this respect, the question is, to what extent sufficiency is prone to rebound effects. This chapter strives to empirically investigate indirect rebound effects arising from sufficiency behaviour. It shows estimates of income elasticities from national surveys on income and expenditures in Germany. Re-spending of savings is analyzed for abatement actions in the fields of housing, mobility and food. The chapter discusses findings concerning rebound effects from sufficiency with respect to policy implications and methodological issues.

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Fußnoten
1
By definition, efficiency is a relative concept. The strategy of eco-efficiency is supposed to reduce resource use while increasing the (economic) return of the transformation activities in the economy. Thus an increase in efficiency does not state an absolute reduction of the input. Just as well, a gain in efficiency describes an increasing return while the input of natural resources remains constant or has been reduced.
 
2
“[The sufficiency strategy] is not the same as consumption efficiency, by which is meant behaviour that achieves a given level of utility with less (energy) input: e.g., boiling only the amount of water needed for the cup of coffee, switching off unneeded lights, or carpooling. [] Sufficiency, in contrast, means doing without the cup of coffee, getting by with dimmer lighting, and not taking the car” (Alcott 2008, p. 771).
It is not the idea of sufficiency behaviour that differs between Alcott (2008) and Druckman et al. (2011), but how rebound effects may emerge from sufficiency behaviour, i.e. (other) consumers entering markets due to lowered prices versus. (the same) consumers re-spending income gains due to abatement actions.
 
3
A comprehensive methodological analysis of studies on indirect rebound effects from technical and behavioural changes can be found in Sorrell (2010).
 
4
Results from the German Mobility Panel (MOP) for 2008.
 
5
Survey of Household Income and Expenditures in Germany (EVS) for 2008.
 
6
Our information on resource intensities (in terms of kg/€) rely on purchaser prices. That means environmental taxes are included. Excluding environmental taxes would result in more dominant resource intensities in transport and housing. In turn, if environmental taxes are applied consistently, those smoothen the differences in intensities (see Watson et al. 2013, p. 56), lower intensities and thus theoretically lower indirect rebound effects eventually.
 
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Metadaten
Titel
Indirect Effects from Resource Sufficiency Behaviour in Germany
verfasst von
Johannes Buhl
José Acosta
Copyright-Jahr
2016
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38807-6_3