Innovation and Technology in China

In this chapter, China’s historical orientation toward technology, and evolution from fast follower to true innovator are explored. An assessment and timeline illustrating the antecedent conditions which needed to be satisfied for China’s maturity in technology innovation are presented along with a discussion of key emerging trends. The extent to which China’s approach to institutionalized technology research and development is being driven from both the commercial and government sectors is assessed, and practical implications for action provided. Critically, the role of higher education in enabling the fulfillment of China’s technology roadmap is explored both from the perspective of domestic policy within the Chinese mainland and through the strategic leverage of relationships and expertise from overseas universities. The current and likely future prioritization of applications and opportunities of technology development are discussed with a particular focus on industry sectors where China is likely to be able to exploit country-specific competitive advantage. A summary for techniques for engagement with the technology sector in China is provided with a review of protocols, priorities, and restrictions. The chapter concludes with a survey of challenges to be faced by China in maintaining and building on progress to date.