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2015 | Buch

Introduction Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

Insight into Magnetorheological Shock Absorbers

verfasst von: Janusz Gołdasz, Bogdan Sapiński

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik"

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SUCHEN

Über dieses Buch

This book deals with magnetorheological fluid theory, modeling and applications of automotive magnetorheological dampers. On the theoretical side a review of MR fluid compositions and key factors affecting the characteristics of these fluids is followed by a description of existing applications in the area of vibration isolation and flow-mode shock absorbers in particular. As a majority of existing magnetorheological devices operates in a so-called flow mode a critical review is carried out in that regard. Specifically, the authors highlight common configurations of flow-mode magnetorheological shock absorbers, or so-called MR dampers that have been considered by the automotive industry for controlled chassis applications. The authors focus on single-tube dampers utilizing a piston assembly with one coil or multiple coils and at least one annular flow channel in the piston.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Introduction
Abstract
The chapter introduces the reader to the the concept of smart materials and smart systems and its key functionalities incl. short historical information on MR research and its introduction into the automotive industry. MR fluid operation modes, semi-active flow-mode vehicle damper principles along with a description of the MagneRide system, actuator functions are also highlighted in the chapter.
Janusz Gołdasz, Bogdan Sapiński
Chapter 2. MR Fluids
Abstract
Magnetorheological (MR) fluids are a suspension of fine, non-colloidal and low-coercivity ferromagnetic particles in a carrier fluid. They reveal the reversible ability to change from a liquid-type behaviour to that of a semi-solid with a yield stress when exposed to external magnetic field. In this chapter, the authors highlight the general principles of MR fluids. Their rheology, compositions and critical parameters are discussed, and the mechanisms governing the so called MR effect are characterised.
Janusz Gołdasz, Bogdan Sapiński
Chapter 3. Configurations of MR Dampers
Abstract
In this chapter, the authors present a review of MR damper structures and MR valve configurations. The structures are described in terms of the arrangement of cylinders and the MR valve topologies. The range of examined valve structures involves a conventional standard single-coil and single-gap (annulus) piston as well as multiple coil assemblies. Specifically, various families of valves aimed at enhancing the damper performance are described and analysed. They are, namely, high-permeability inserts, pistons with multiple flow channels, buried coil designs, pistons with tapered surfaces in the flow path, etc. The significance of the secondary flow paths on the low velocity performance of the valves is highlighted, too. The authors conclude the chapter with fail-safe valves and velocity- as well as field-sensing valves utilising search coils as well as other structures with sensory capabilities.
Janusz Gołdasz, Bogdan Sapiński
Chapter 4. Modelling of Control Valves
Abstract
The contents of this chapter focus on modelling the control valves in flow-mode MR dampers. The authors handle several constitutive models of non-Newtonian fluid models, and obtain equations governing their behaviour in planar flow. Special attention in given to the development of a non-dimensional modelling approach including all key variables. The scheme performance is then demonstrated based on several configurations of control valves of MR dampers. Electromagnetic coupling is provided through a magneto-static axisymmetric model of the control valve assembly or a (transient) lumped parameter model of the electromagnetic circuit of the control valve. A simple design algorithm for optimising the performance of the dampers is demonstrated in the chapter, too.
Janusz Gołdasz, Bogdan Sapiński
Chapter 5. Damper Modelling
Abstract
In this chapter, the authors commence the study with an explanation of models of three MR damper structures, namely, a mono-tube damper, a double-rod damper and a twin-tube damper. Expressions for pressure variation in each hydraulic fluid chamber are developed, then their key features are demonstrated through numerical simulations involving the obtained equation sets.
Janusz Gołdasz, Bogdan Sapiński
Chapter 6. CFD Study of the Flow of MR Fluids
Abstract
In this chapter, the authors explain a systematic CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) procedure by outlining the apparent viscosity model that is used in the fluid flow calculations. The calculations involving the Bingham fluid in flow mode are carried out across a wide range of field-induced material properties, and the selection of flow conditions made it appropriate to analyse it with a laminar flow solver.
Janusz Gołdasz, Bogdan Sapiński
Chapter 7. Power Drivers for MR Dampers
Abstract
This chapter discusses some aspects of power drivers for MR dampers based on pulse-width modulation (PWM) amplifiers. These digital devices are inexpensive to make when using modern module-based switching circuitry, offer significant benefits in terms of lower power consumption and have been widely used within the automotive industry. The authors provide PWM fundamental principles, and then discuss current responses in the electrical circuit of an MR damper subjected to PWM type inputs. The theory is followed by experimental investigation of an automotive MR damper driven by a PWM power driver in open loop and closed-loop configurations.
Janusz Gołdasz, Bogdan Sapiński
Chapter 8. Experimental Verification of an MR Monotube Damper Model
Abstract
This chapter describes the experimental work and numerical simulations performed for the purpose of monotube damper model verification. To validate the modelling scheme for the material contained in previous chapters, several monotube damper prototypes were subjected to a range of velocity, displacement and commanded current inputs. The acquired data have formed basis for the presented modelling work. The tested damper prototypes vary in their low-velocity performance characteristics. The contents of this chapter is split into two related parts. First, experimental work including all three prototype dampers is presented and results discussed. Finally, based on the prototype geometry and the properties of the fluid and damper component materials, the authors carry out simulations of the damper behaviour and compare them against the real-life data.
Janusz Gołdasz, Bogdan Sapiński
Chapter 9. Energy Harvesting MR Dampers
Abstract
Energy-harvesting dampers have received a great deal of attention since the early 1990s. An attractive feature of these dampers is their ability to recover kinetic energy normally dissipated by conventional dampers. In this chapter the authors are concerned with an energy-harvesting device which comprises three main components: an MR damper, a power generator and a conditioning electronics unit. The MR damper and the power generator are integrated into a stand-alone device. In the chapter the authors outline the design structure of the power generator and its operating principle based on the formulated electromagnetic field equations and discuss the results of its experimental testing compared against numerical data. They describe the design structure and model of the MR damper, and then compare the experimental characteristics of the device with those obtained in numerical procedures.
Janusz Gołdasz, Bogdan Sapiński
Chapter 10. Concluding Remarks
Abstract
The research material that was presented in the study is primarily concerned with flow-mode MR shock absorbers and so-called MR suspension dampers in particular. The progress that has been made in the development of MR dampers has transformed them from a scientific toy to a relatively mature high volume product. The authors are of the opinion, that the presented material and models can be effectively used for analysing and modelling of various aspects of the damper operation, dynamic range and optimization studies, component-level as well system-level analyses. The material provides an insight into the phenomena occurring both inside the damper and those due to the MR fluid’s intrinsic properties.
Janusz Gołdasz, Bogdan Sapiński
Erratum to: MR Fluids
Janusz Gołdasz, Bogdan Sapiński
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
Insight into Magnetorheological Shock Absorbers
verfasst von
Janusz Gołdasz
Bogdan Sapiński
Copyright-Jahr
2015
Electronic ISBN
978-3-319-13233-4
Print ISBN
978-3-319-13232-7
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13233-4

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