Intelligent energy efficient routing in wireless body area network with mobile sink nodes using horse electric fish optimization

Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is the integration of the biosensors that are positioned in-vitro and in-vivo of the patient’s body. The internet connection is made with wearable sensors for the purpose of Personal Digital Assistance (PDA) which influences the pervasive computation to improve communication. Recently, the mobility networks have ensured with the optimal solution for the intelligent healthcare monitoring systems. By considering various practical scenarios, an energy-efficient communication model along with the mobility model is used for finding the shortest path for communicating with the placed bio-sensors on the body of the patients. The sensor data are applied with prioritized mechanisms for broadcasting the data over the sink with minimum path loss and propagation delays. Therefore, this paper concentrates on developing an energy-efficient routing in WBAN using mobile sink nodes. The hybrid algorithm named Deviation-based Hybrid Horse-Electric Fish Optimization (DHH-EFO) is developed for selecting the shortest path in the node by utilizing energy-efficient clustering. The optimal solutions are acquired through the fitness function by employing several objective parameters like packet delivery ratio, throughput, delay, path loss, distance, energy, and transmission load. The proposed DHH-EFO provides 4.76%, 6.02%, 6.67%, and 5.3% higher performance than the BOA, SHO, HOA, and EFO, respectively at the number of 50th nodes. Finally, the proposed DHH-EFO has performed better than the conventional techniques when observing the network lifetime, and packet delivery ratio in the WBAN.