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Hydrogeology Journal

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21.12.2016 | Report

Interaction of surface water and groundwater in the Nile River basin: isotopic and piezometric evidence

verfasst von: Seifu Kebede, Osman Abdalla, Ahmed Sefelnasr, Callist Tindimugaya, Osman Mustafa

Erschienen in: Hydrogeology Journal | Ausgabe 3/2017

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Abstract

Past discussions around water-resources management and development in the River Nile basin disregard groundwater resources from the equation. There is an increasing interest around factoring the groundwater resources as an integral part of the Nile Basin water resources. This is hampered by knowledge gap regarding the groundwater resources dynamics (recharge, storage, flow, quality, surface-water/groundwater interaction) at basin scale. This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the state of surface-water/groundwater interaction from the headwater to the Nile Delta region. Piezometric and isotopic (δ¹⁸O, δ²H) evidence reveal that the Nile changes from a gaining stream in the headwater regions to mostly a loosing stream in the arid lowlands of Sudan and Egypt. Specific zones of Nile water leakage to the adjacent aquifers is mapped using the two sources of evidence. Up to 50% of the surface-water flow in the equatorial region of the Nile comes from groundwater as base flow. The evidence also shows that the natural direction and rate of surface-water/groundwater interaction is largely perturbed by human activities (diversion, dam construction) particularly downstream of the Aswan High Dam in Egypt. The decrease in discharge of the Nile River along its course is attributed to leakage to the aquifers as well as to evaporative water loss from the river channel. The surface-water/groundwater interaction occurring along the Nile River and its sensitivity to infrastructure development calls for management strategies that account groundwater as an integral part of the Nile Basin resources.

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Titel: Interaction of surface water and groundwater in the Nile River basin: isotopic and piezometric evidence
verfasst von: Seifu Kebede
Osman Abdalla
Ahmed Sefelnasr
Callist Tindimugaya
Osman Mustafa
Publikationsdatum: 21.12.2016
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Hydrogeology Journal / Ausgabe 3/2017
Print ISSN: 1431-2174
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-0157
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-016-1503-y

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