International Situational Diagnosis on the Implementation of Smart Energy in Agribusiness

The Smart Energy revolution represents a profound transformation of the energy sector in its generation, distribution, storage, and consumption dimensions. This revolution transcends the modernization of physical infrastructure, incorporating advanced technologies that enable the integration of renewable sources, bidirectional networks, and intelligent management. Applying the Smart Energy concept to agribusiness addresses challenges of seasonality and geographic dispersion of agricultural activities. This study presents an international situational diagnosis of Smart Energy implementation in agribusiness using a mixed-methods approach, combining a qualitative analysis of 30 key articles mapping the historical evolution of the field with a bibliometric analysis of 11,666 publications. Findings highlight four major paradigm shifts over 25 years and identify eight key emerging trends shaping the field. Notable trends include integration of distributed energy systems, intelligent energy storage, and customized Energy Cloud platforms for rural contexts. Critical research gaps also emerge, notably in agricultural machinery electrification, the integration of energy storage with bioenergy, and establishing specific regulatory frameworks and sustainable business models. This diagnosis consolidates knowledge on Smart Energy in agribusiness and offers insights for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers seeking to accelerate the sector's intelligent energy transition.