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2015 | Buch

Introduction to Optical Fault Management Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

Internet Optical Infrastructure

Issues on Monitoring and Failure Restoration

verfasst von: János Tapolcai, Pin-Han Ho, Péter Babarczi, Lajos Rónyai

Verlag: Springer New York

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

This book covers the issues of monitoring, failure localization, and restoration in the Internet optical backbone, and focuses on the progress of state-of-the-art in both industry standard and academic research. The authors summarize, categorize, and analyze the developed technology in the context of Internet fault management and failure recovery under the Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS), via both aspects of network operations and theories.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Fault Management and Failure Restoration in Survivable Optical Networks

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Introduction to Optical Fault Management
Abstract
In this chapter we introduce the survivable network design framework and identify the design goals of survivable network planning (i.e., resource efficiency and fault management complexity), and the trade-off between these objectives is discussed in protection and restoration approaches. A short summary on network faults and the shared risk link group model is presented, followed by a discussion of the phases of GMPLS-based fault recovery, and at the end of the chapter a brief summary is given.
János Tapolcai, Pin-Han Ho, Péter Babarczi, Lajos Rónyai
Chapter 2. Failure Restoration Approaches
Abstract
This chapter is on enumerating dynamic survivable routing schemes in mesh optical networks. By taking dynamic connection requests that arrive one after the other without any knowledge of future arrivals, the survivable routing schemes are required to allocate a disjoint working and protection path-pair for each connection request according to the current link-state. Without loss of generality, a working or a protection path is taken as a lightpath, either with a single wavelength if it is in a WDM network, or with some bandwidth allocated if it is in a spectrum-sliced elastic optical network supported by the optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexed technology.
János Tapolcai, Pin-Han Ho, Péter Babarczi, Lajos Rónyai

Monitoring and Failure Localization in All-Optical Networks

Frontmatter
Chapter 3. Failure Localization Via a Central Controller
Abstract
To achieve fast Unambiguous Failure Localization, an essential problem for the network operators is to determine how to efficiently probe the network elements such that the number of probes is the minimum. By launching a set of m-trails, the transmitter of each m-trail constantly probes the health of the links along the m-trail, and the monitor at the receiver issues an alarm once detecting any irregularity. A failure may interrupt multiple m-trails which incurs a set of alarms. The m-trails should be allocated such that the network controller can uniquely and precisely localize the failure state according to the issued alarms. The chapter is on the m-trail allocation problem by introducing algorithms and approaches in presence of single and multiple link failures, respectively. With single-link failures, an essentially optimal construction for m-trail allocation is provided for lattice topologies. For general topologies, a suite of heuristics are presented, including Random Code Swapping (RCA–RCS) for single-link failures, Adjacent Link Failure Localization and Link Code Construction for adjacent link failures, and Greedy Code Swapping (CGT-GCS) for dense-shared risk link group failures based on combinatorial group testing.
János Tapolcai, Pin-Han Ho, Péter Babarczi, Lajos Rónyai
Chapter 4. Distributed Failure Localization
Abstract
The chapter continues the topic of bm-trail allocation as in Chap. 3, by assuming a distributed control environment where a remote network controller for collecting the alarms is absent. Instead, the scenario that a node can individually perform UFL without relying on any failure notification mechanism is targeted. Accordingly, a constraint is imposed on the previously formulated bm-trail allocation problem where the alarms locally available to a node should form a complete alarm code table (ACT) for making the failure localization decision. This is also referred to as local unambiguous failure localization (L-UFL) at the node. A step further to L-UFL is that all the nodes are required to be L-UFL capable, which leads to the scenario referred to as Network wide L-UFL (NL-UFL). The chapter presents solutions to the bm-trail allocation problems for L-UFL and NL-UFL, respectively, via both bound analysis and heuristics under various network failure scenarios.
János Tapolcai, Pin-Han Ho, Péter Babarczi, Lajos Rónyai

An All-Optical Restoration Framework with M-Trails

Frontmatter
Chapter 5. Framework Introduction
Abstract
This chapter discusses an interesting application of NL-UFL for supporting all-optical and signaling-free restoration under failure dependent protection (FDP). We demonstrate a new failure restoration framework that enables all-optical fault management and device configuration in the presence of NL-UFL m-trail deployment, such that the FDP restoration process can be implemented without relying on any control plane signaling. It is also shown that the reuse of spare capacity by P-LPs for the m-trails can minimize the additionally required resources (in WLs) for m-trails, which is referred to as monitoring resource hidden.
János Tapolcai, Pin-Han Ho, Péter Babarczi, Lajos Rónyai
Chapter 6. Global Neighborhood Failure Localization
Abstract
The distributed m-trail framework (i.e., NL-UFL) introduced in the previous chapter enables every node to be able to instantly localize a failed SRLG such that the failure restoration can be performed automatically in the optical domain. This is obviously not necessary since a node may not need to respond to a failure event if the node is not traversed by any P-LP whose W-LP is subject to the failure. In response to such an observation, this chapter defines and investigates an interesting m-trail scenario, called Global Neighborhood Failure Localization (G-NFL). As a one step advance of NL-UFL, G-NFL defines the neighborhood of a node, which is a set of links whose failure states should be known to the node in restoration of the corresponding W-LPs, and the G-NFL problem routes a set of m-trails such that each node can localize any failure in its neighborhood. To gain insight into the G-NFL problem, the chapter provides bound analysis on the minimum bandwidth required for m-trails, along with a simple yet effective heuristics.
János Tapolcai, Pin-Han Ho, Péter Babarczi, Lajos Rónyai
Chapter 7. Dynamic Survivable Routing with M-Trails
Abstract
We have seen in the previous chapters that m-trails can be incorporated with a survivable routing scheme in the optical network backbones such that the desired ultra-fast and all-optical restoration can be achieved with little additional cost. The chapter turns to the issues of dynamic survivable routing in mesh optical networks where connection requests for lightpaths arrive in the network one after the other with little knowledge of future arrivals. Firstly, we will review the spare capacity allocation problem under dedicated or shared protection schemes. A dynamic routing scheme, called Dynamic Joint Design Heuristic (DJH) , is introduced with its goal to allocate each request based on the failure dependent protection principle while reconfiguring the m-trails for achieving the desired ultra-fast and signaling-free failure restoration. DJH is featured as an FDP scheme that can jointly allocate a W-LP and its P-LPs to satisfy an arriving connection request, as well as the m-trails that should be newly added to the network, such that the W-LP can be restored in an all-optical fashion as in Chap. 6. By launching the m-trails possibly by reusing the spare capacity for P-LPs, the amount of WLs (wavelength channels) dedicated to the m-trails can be significantly reduced.
János Tapolcai, Pin-Han Ho, Péter Babarczi, Lajos Rónyai
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
Internet Optical Infrastructure
verfasst von
János Tapolcai
Pin-Han Ho
Péter Babarczi
Lajos Rónyai
Copyright-Jahr
2015
Verlag
Springer New York
Electronic ISBN
978-1-4614-7738-9
Print ISBN
978-1-4614-7737-2
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7738-9

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