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Erschienen in:
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2019 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

1. Introduction: Terrorism as a Threat to Open Societies

verfasst von : Peter Lehr

Erschienen in: Counter-Terrorism Technologies

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

In the introduction, I offer an overview of the book and the issues discussed in it. I introduce the individual chapters, but also familiarize readers with the basics of risk assessment and risk management as parts of the field of Critical Infrastructure Protection (CIP). In particular, I briefly talk about criticality, vulnerability, and threat, to then address questions on how to manage or mitigate risks posed by terrorism. In that regard, I highlight the role of technology in countering this threat and its relevance for both CIP and Critical Infrastructure Resilience (CIR). In a nutshell, the introduction aims at firmly anchoring the book in the field of CIP/CIR in order to give it a shelf life that goes beyond the current threat posed by Al Qaeda and ISIS/Daesh.

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Nächstes Kapitel Actions: The Return of Urban Guerrillas
Fußnoten
1
According to HSPD-7, Critical Infrastructure or CI can be defined as “those systems and assets, whether physical or virtual, so vital to the United States that the incapacity or destruction of such systems and assets would have a debilitating impact on security, national economic security, national public health or safety, or any combination of those matters.” (HSPD-7, 17 December 2003). This definition also applies for any other modern state.
 
2
Threat is usually defined as the intention and capability of terrorists to carry out operations that can harm us.
 
3
It should be mentioned at least in passing that CIP normally employs an ‘all hazards’ approach – i.e. a risk management plan that is valid for all kinds of risks, be they terrorist, criminal, human error, or natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, blizzards etc. In this book however, we only deal with risked posed by terrorists.
 
4
The key question according to Rosenzweig/Kochems (2005, 3) is [what] is the asset’s function or mission and how significant is it?”
 
5
Defined according to Roper 1999 as “a weakness that can be exploited to gain access to a given asset”.
 
6
Expressed as a formula, it would look as follows: R = f (C,V,T).
 
7
According to Nelson et al. (1999, 9), cyberterrorism can be defined as “the unlawful destruction or disruption of digital property to intimidate or coerce governments or societies in the pursuit of goals that are political, religious or ideological.” Dorothy Denning adds to that another crucial criterion: “Further, to qualify as cyberterrorism, an attack should result in violence against persons or property, or at least cause enough harm to generate fear” (Denning 2000).
 
8
It should be noted that I will solely discuss passive counter-terrorism technologies – active defences such as new and non-lethal weapons systems will not be discussed in this book.
 
Literatur
Anderson M (2008) Counterterrorism as an objective of European police cooperation. In: Reinares F (ed) European democracies against terrorism. Governmental policies and intergovernmental cooperation. Ashgate, Aldershot, pp 227–243
Caldeira TPR (2000) City of walls: crime, segregation, and citizenship in São Paulo. University of California Press, Berkeley
Collins PA, Baggett RK (2009) Homeland security and critical infrastructure protection. Praeger Security International, Westport, CT/London
Hunt AR, Kellerman KF (2000) Development of an analysis tool for performing civil aviation security risk assessment
Jenkins BM (2006) The new age of terrorism. In: Kamien DG (ed) The McGraw-hill homeland security handbook. McGraw-Hill, New York et al, pp 117–130
Jones K (2004) Trust and terror. In: DesAutels P, Walker MU (eds) Moral psychology: feminist ethics and social theory. Rowman & Littlefield, Lanham, MD, pp 3–18
Kurzweil R (1999) The age of spiritual machines: when computers exceed human intelligence. Viking Press, New York
Latour B (2005) Reassembling the social: an introduction to actor-network-theory. Oxford University Press (paperback ed.), Oxford et al.
Mueller JE (2006) Overblown: how politicians and the terrorist industry inflate national security threats, and why we believe them. Free Press, New York
Newman O (1972) Defensible space. People and Design in the Violent City. Architectural Press, London
Roper K (1999) Risk Management for Security Professionals. Rothstein Associates, Brookfield
Swindon P (2016) Anti-terror police: ‘Scotland is the safest part of the UK’,” Sunday Herald, 31 July
Wolfendale J (2007) Terrorism, security, and the threat of counterterrorism. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 30
Metadaten
Titel
Introduction: Terrorism as a Threat to Open Societies
verfasst von
Peter Lehr
Copyright-Jahr
2019
Buch
Counter-Terrorism Technologies

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-90923-3

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-90924-0

Copyright-Jahr: 2019

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90924-0_1

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