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2020 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

1. Introduction

verfasst von : Gokhan Bacik

Erschienen in: Islam and Muslim Resistance to Modernity in Turkey

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

This chapter introduces the book and defines what is meant by the Islamic idea of nature. Then the chapter explains how the idea of nature is relevant in explaining the interpretation and practice of Islam affecting various situations in the Muslim world. The rationale for this book is explained, and an overview of major arguments is provided. The chapter also provides information about the book’s structure and content by including a summary of each subsequent chapter.

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Nächstes Kapitel Origins: Sunni Orthodoxy

Kuran, “The Absence of the Corporation in Islamic Law,” 785–834. Kuran, “The Islamic Commercial Crisis,” 415.

Kuran, The Long Divergence, 7. Kuran, “Why the Middle East is Economically Underdeveloped,” 71.

Facchini, “Religion, Law and Development,” 103–129.

Çizakça, Islamic Capitalism and Finance Origins, xiv–xv.

Guiso, Sapienza and Zingales, “People’s Opium Religion and Economic Activities,” 228–229.

Halverson, Theology and Creed in Sunni Islam, 5.

World Trade Organization, “Statistical Tables,” Accessed June 1, 2017. https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/statis_e/wts2016_e/wts16_chap9_e.htm

Clarke, Eryetli and Selçuk, The Atlas of Islamic World, 8, 19, 36.

PEW Research Center, “Religion and Education Around the World, 13 December 2016,” Accessed July 5, 2018. http://www.pewforum.org/2016/12/13/religion-and-education-around-the-world/

Southern, Western Society and the Church, 16.

Taylor, A Secular Age, 2.

Luxton, “The Reformation and Popular Culture,” 62–63.

Marcum, Humanizing Modern Medicine, 18.

Taylor, A Secular Age, 15.

My assumptions here are to a great extent also valid for Shi‘a Islam in the case of Iran. The fusion of Shi’ism and state after 1979 proves Islam’s resilience in retaining its traditional authorities in many fields. Moazami, State, Religion and Revolution in Iran. Unsurprisingly, a typical case is to observe this resilience is education in Iran. Mahran and Adli, “Female Education in the Islamic Republic,” 15–35.

Otto, “Introduction: investigating the role of sharia,” 27.

PEW Research Center, “The World’s Muslims: Religion, Politics and Society, 30 April 2013,” Accessed August 8, 2018. http://www.pewforum.org/2013/04/30/the-worlds-muslims-religion-politics-society-overview/

Eickelman, “Inside the Islamic Reformation,” 82.

Casanova, “Rethinking Secularization,” 7. Casanova, Public Religions in the Modern World, 12–20.

Weber, The Protestant Ethic, 7.

Ahmad, Before Orthodoxy, 3.

Ibid.

Al Shamsy, “The Social Construction of Orthodoxy,” 97.

Hodgson, The Venture of Islam Vol. II, 12.

Lapidus, A History of Islamic Societies, 111.

Hirschler, Medieval Arabic Historiography, 44.

Saliba, Islamic Science, 87.

Walbridge, God and Logic in Islam, 19.

Spuler, Iran in the Early Islamic Period, 2–3. Lambton, State and Government, 68.

Safi, The Politics of Knowledge, 112.

Griffel, Al-Ghazali’s Philosophical Theology, 102–103.

Işık, Tam İlmihal, 82. Coşan, Tabakatü’s-Sufiyye Sohbetleri II, 582. Topbaş, Gönül Bahçesinden, 176.

Karaman, Bardakoğlu and Apaydın, Ilmihal I, 66. Karaman et al., Kur’an Yolu Türkçe Meal ve Tefsir III, 405.

Işık, Faideli Bilgiler, 233. Topbaş, Gönül Bahçesinden, 177.

Coşan, Tabakatü’s-Sufiyye Sohbetleri II, 231. Işık, Namaz, 155. Topbaş, The Islamic Approach to Reasoning, 82.

PEW Research Center, “The World’s Muslims: Unity and Diversity, 9 August 2012,” Accessed August 4, 2018. www.pewforum.org

Ibid.

Çarkoğlu and Kalaycıoğlu, Türkiye’de Dindarlık, 18.

Kulat, Türkiye’de Toplumun Dine ve Dini Değerlere Bakışı, 4.

Ibid., 8.

Ibid., 9.

Çarkoğlu and Kalaycıoğlu, Türkiye’de Dindarlık, 7.

Subaşı, Türkiye’de Dini Hayat, 101.

PEW Research Center, “The Age Gap in Religion Around the World, 13 June 2018,” Accessed August 5, 2018. https://www.pewforum.org/2018/06/13/the-age-gap-in-religion-around-the-world/

Çarkoğlu and Kalaycıoğlu, Türkiye’de Dindarlık, 30.

Ibid., 31.

http://sendika10.org/2016/08/mmo-olumler-bu-isin-fitratinda-degil/ Accessed October 24, 2016.

Saymaz, Fıtrat: İş Kazası Değil, Cinayet, 1–25.

Wandel, “The Poverty of Christ,” 22.

Ocak, Türk Sufiliğine Bakışlar, 79.

Kara, “Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı,” 183.

Gözaydın, Diyanet Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nde Dinin Tanzimi, 1–24. Kara, “Din ve Devlet Arasına Sıkışmış Bir Kurum,” 29.

Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı, “İstatistikler,” Accessed January 11, 2018. https://www.Diyanet.gov.tr/tr-TR/Kurumsal/Detay//6/Diyanet-isleri-baskanligi-istatistikleri

Subaşı, Türkiye’de Dini Hayat, 139.

Ibid., 122.

Cesari, The Awakening of Muslim Democracy, 89.

Subaşı, Türkiye’de Dini Hayat, 112.

Durkheim, Education and Sociology, 124.

Ahmad, Shahab. 2017. Before Orthodoxy: The Satanic Verses in Early Islam. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.CrossRef

Çarkoğlu, Ali, and Ersin Kalaycıoğlu. 2009. Türkiye’de Dindarlık: Uluslararası Bir Karşılaştırma. Istanbul: IPM.

Casanova, Jose. 1980. Public Religions in the Modern World. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press.

———. 2006. Rethinking Secularization: A Global Comparative Perspective. The Hedgehog Review 8 (1/2): 7–22.

Cesari, Jocelyne. 2014. The Awakening of Muslim Democracy: Religion, Modernity and the State. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef

Çizakça, Murat. 2011. Islamic Capitalism and Finance: Origins, Evolution and the Future. Cheltenham: E. Elgar.CrossRef

Clarke, Luke, H.H. Eryetli, and Z.Z. Selçuk. 2014. The Atlas of Islamic World Science and Innovation Final Report. San Francisco: Creative Commons.

Coşan, M. Esad. 2016. Tabakatü’s-Sufiyye Sohbetleri II. Ankara: M. Erkaya.

Durkheim, Emile. 1956. Education and Sociology. New York: The Free Press.

Eickelman, Dale F. 1998. Inside the Islamic Reformation. The Wilson Quarterly 22 (1): 80–89.

El Shamsy, Ahmed. 2008. The Social Construction of Orthodoxy. In The Cambridge Companion to Classical Islamic Theology, ed. Tim Winter, 97–118. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef

Facchini, François. 2010. Religion, Law and Development: Islam and Christianity—Why is it in Occident and Not in the Orient that Man Invented the Institutions of Freedom? European Journal of Law and Economics 29 (1): 103–129.CrossRef

Gözaydın, İştar. 2009. Diyanet: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nde Dinin Tanzimi. Istanbul: İletişim.

Griffel, Frank. 2017. Al-Ghazali’s Philosophical Theology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Guiso, Luigi, Paola Sapienza, and Luigi Zingales. 2003. People’s Opium Religion and Economic Activities. Journal of Monetary Economics 50 (1): 225–282.CrossRef

Halverson, Jeffry R. 2010. Theology and Creed in Sunni Islam: The Muslim Brotherhood, Ash‘arism, and Political Sunnism. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRef

Hirschler, Konrad. 2006. Medieval Arabic Historiography: Authors as Actors. London: Routledge.CrossRef

Hodgson, Marshall G.S. 1977. The Venture of Islam Vol. II. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.CrossRef

Işık, Hüseyin Hilmi. 2014a. Faideli Bilgiler. Istanbul: Hakikat.

———. 2014b. Tam İlmihal Se’adet-i Ebediyye. Istanbul: Hakikat.

———. 2017. Namaz. Istanbul: Hakikat.

Kara, İsmail. 2000. Din ve Devlet Arasına Sıkışmış Bir Kurum: Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı. Marmara İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 18 (1): 29–55.

———. 2005. Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı. In İslamcılık, ed. Yasin Aktay, Tanıl Bora, and Murat Gültekingil, 45–66. Istanbul: İletişim.

Karaman, Hayreddin, Ali Bardakoğlu, and H. Yunus Apaydın. 1998. Ilmihal I. Ankara: Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı.

Karaman, Hayreddin, I. Mustafa Çağrıcı, Kafi Dönmez, and Sadrettin Gümüş. 2012. Kur’an Yolu Türkçe Meal ve Tefsir III. Ankara: DİB.

Kulat, Mehmet Ali. 2017. Türkiye’de Toplumun Dine ve Dini Değerlere Bakışı. Ankara: MAK.

Kuran, Timur. 2003. The Islamic Commercial Crisis: Institutional Roots of Economic Underdevelopment in the Middle East. The Journal of Economic History 63 (2): 414–446.CrossRef

———. 2004. Why the Middle East is Economically Underdeveloped: Historical Mechanisms of Institutional Stagnation. Journal of Economic Perspectives 18 (3): 71–90.CrossRef

———. 2005. The Absence of the Corporation in Islamic Law: Origins and Persistence. American Journal of Comparative Law 53 (4): 785–834.CrossRef

———. 2011. The Long Divergence: How Islamic Law Held Back the Middle East. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Lambton, Ann K.S. 1991. State and Government in Medieval Islam. London: Routledge.

Lapidus, Ira. 2002. A History of Islamic Societies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Luxton, Imogen. 1977. The Reformation and Popular Culture. In Church and Society in England: Henry VIII to James I, ed. Felicity Heal and Rosemary O’day, 57–77. New York: Macmillan.CrossRef

Marcum, James A. 2008. Humanizing Modern Medicine: An Introductory Philosophy of Medicine. New York: Springer.

Mehran, Golnar, and Fariba Adli. 2019. Female Education in the Islamic Republic of Iran: Understanding the Paradox of Tradition and Modernity. In Women, Islam, and Education in Iran, ed. Goli M. Rezai-Rashti, Golnar Mehran, and Shirin Abdmolaei, 15–34. New York: Routledge.CrossRef

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Saymaz, İsmail. 2017. Fıtrat: İş Kazası Değil, Cinayet. Istanbul: İletişim.

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———. 2016b. The Islamic Approach to Reasoning and Philosophy. Istanbul: Erkam.

Walbridge, John. 2011. God and Logic in Islam: The Caliphate of Reason. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Wandel, Lee P. 2003. The Poverty of Christ. In The Reformation of Charity: The Secular and the Religious in Early Modern Poor Relief, ed. T. Max Safely, 15–29. Boston: Brill.

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Titel: Introduction
verfasst von: Gokhan Bacik
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Buch: Islam and Muslim Resistance to Modernity in Turkey
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-25900-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-25901-3

Copyright-Jahr: 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25901-3_1