1. Introduction

Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is one of the most dynamic regions in the world. This is why companies worldwide have increasingly stepped up their activities on the continent. At the same time, however, Africa is the continent with the highest share of poor people worldwide. Global poverty remains a major issue with 10% of the world’s population living on less than USD 1.90 (PPP) and 26% living on less than USD 3.20 (PPP) per day in 2015. In Sub-Saharan Africa, the shares are even higher, with 41% (421 m people) and 67% (678 m people), respectively, in 2017 (World Bank n.d.). The high absolute poverty numbers lead to a rising interest in the market segment of the poor population, the so-called Bottom of the Pyramid (BoP). This book will investigate the question of how multinantionl pharmaceutical companies can profitably address the Bottom of the Pyramid population in Sub-Saharan Africa.