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2021 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

1. Introduction

verfasst von : Simon P. Rinas

Erschienen in: From Telecommunications Liberalization to Net Neutrality Rules

Verlag: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden

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Abstract

Not only did liberalization foster technological convergence but also technological development promoted the digitalization of communications services and networks. The advances of internet technology eventually facilitated the virtualization of communications technology and thereby accelerated the vast utilization of internet communications. As its role for society and economy continuously increases, the Internet, without any doubt, significantly changes the way consumers utilize communications networks and services. While traditional communications based on closed systems, the Internet built on open interfaces. Technological evolution has favoured the latter.

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Nächstes Kapitel Institutionalism in the 21st Century

Noam (2010)—applying a technology-deterministic approach—refers to three generations of telecommunications: (state) monopoly, liberalization and privatization, virtualization and transformation to carriers of mass media. For the present research interest, it appears effective to focus on the ruptures changing the respective status quo.

By 1 November 1993 the Maastricht Treaty converted the European Community into the European Union. In the following, I will claim the term EU communications policy as this reflects the current institution to be analyzed. In every chapter that is clearly assigned to either the EC or the EU I will use the corresponding term but will maintain the term EU communications policy.

In traditional (state monopoly) telecommunications networks and services were bundled in a way that the company that owns the network exclusively provides the services running on this infrastructure. Unbundling means the separation of services from networks in order to enable competing service providers on a specific infrastructure.

Convergence means that different technologies are technologically and legally able to substitute each other. In telecommunications convergence means opening up the infrastructure market to companies proving networks based on other technologies than telecommunications, primarily cable networks. As a result, the EU legislative framework replaced the term telecommunications by the term electronic communications.

i.a. does zero-rating specifically apply on mobile communications.

Surrounding phenomena are considered if they serve the understanding of the overall analysis.

Titel: Introduction
verfasst von: Simon P. Rinas
Verlag: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
Buch: From Telecommunications Liberalization to Net Neutrality Rules
Print ISBN: 978-3-658-33013-2

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-658-33014-9

Copyright-Jahr: 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33014-9_1