nach oben

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics

Erschienen in:

27.10.2018

Investigation of the properties of nanostructured nickel oxide NiO thin films irradiated at different γ-doses

verfasst von: Faycal Chandoul, Hatem Moussa, Karima Jouini, Abdelwaheb Boukhachem, Faouzi Hosni, Mohamed Slim Fayache, Raphaël Schneider

Erschienen in: Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics | Ausgabe 1/2019

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

Nanostructured thin films of Nickel oxide NiO were synthesized using spray coating method. The samples were irradiated at different γ-doses by Co-60 radioisotope. The obtained films were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, UV–visible spectrophotometry, Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and FT-IR. The experimental results demonstrated that the irradiation of NiO led to significant changes. XRD and Raman spectroscopy demonstrate that the as-deposited NiO samples show a cubic structure with (111) preferred orientation common at all gamma radiation doses. The optical energy gaps of the samples were found to decrease when increasing the γ ray dose, the Eg value decreases from 3.84 eV for as deposited NiO thin film to 3.60 eV for sample irradiated at 50 kGy. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of sprayed NiO films shows the high porosity and the presence of microcavities in surface of films.

Vorheriger Artikel Thermal and mechanical properties of micro Cu doped Sn58Bi solder paste for attaching LED lamps

Nächster Artikel Preparation and optical characterization of PbWO4 nanocrystals from mechanical alloying process

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

R. Barir, B. Benhaoua, S. Benhamida et al., Effect of precursor concentration on structural optical and electrical properties of NiO thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis. J. Nanomater. 2017, 1–10 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/5204639 CrossRef

I. Sta, M. Jlassi, M. Kandyla et al., Surface functionalization of sol-gel grown NiO thin films with palladium nanoparticles for hydrogen sensing. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 41, 3291–3298 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.12.109 CrossRef

Z. Hu, D. Chen, P. Yang et al., Sol-gel-processed yttrium-doped NiO as hole transport layer in inverted perovskite solar cells for enhanced performance. Appl. Surf. Sci. 441, 258–264 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.01.236 CrossRef

W. Chia-ching, Y. Cheng-fu (2013) Investigation of the properties of nanostructured Li-doped NiO films using the modified spray pyrolysis method. Nanoscale Res. Lett. 8, 33CrossRef

M.M. Uplane, S.H. Mujawar, A.I. Inamdar et al., Structural, optical and electrochromic properties of nickel oxide thin films grown from electrodeposited nickel sulphide. Appl. Surf. Sci. 253, 9365–9371 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2007.05.069 CrossRef

N. Duraisamy, A. Numan, K. Ramesh et al., Investigation on structural and electrochemical properties of binder free nanostructured nickel oxide thin film. Mater. Lett. 161, 694–697 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2015.09.059 CrossRef

J. Keraudy, J. García Molleja, A. Ferrec et al., Structural, morphological and electrical properties of nickel oxide thin films deposited by reactive sputtering. Appl. Surf. Sci. 357, 838–844 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.08.199 CrossRef

H.L. Chen, Y.M. Lu, W.S. Hwang, Characterization of sputtered NiO thin films. Surf. Coat. Technol. 198, 138–142 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.10.032 CrossRef

M.F. Al-Kuhaili, S.H.A. Ahmad, S.M.A. Durrani et al., Application of nickel oxide thin films in NiO/Ag multilayer energy-efficient coatings. Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 39, 84–89 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2015.04.049 CrossRef

10.

Y. Akaltun, T. Çayir, Fabrication and characterization of NiO thin films prepared by SILAR method. J. Alloy. Compd. 625, 144–148 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.10.194 CrossRef

11.

M. Patel, J. Kim, Transparent NiO/ZnO heterojunction for ultra-performing zero-bias ultraviolet photodetector on plastic substrate. J. Alloy. Compd. 729, 796–801 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.09.158 CrossRef

12.

Y. Liu, G. Li, R. Mi et al., An environment-benign method for the synthesis of p-NiO/n-ZnO heterostructure with excellent performance for gas sensing and photocatalysis. Sens. Actuators B 191, 537–544 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2013.10.068 CrossRef

13.

S. Thamri, I. Sta, M. Jlassi et al., Fabrication of ZnO-NiO nanocomposite thin films and experimental study of the effect of the NiO, ZnO concentration on its physical properties. Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 71, 310–320 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2017.08.017 CrossRef

14.

C. Chen, et al., Porous NiO/graphene composite thin films as high performance anodes for lithium-ion batteries. J. Energy Storage. 8, 198–204

15.

M. Kaur, B.K. Dadhich, R. Singh et al., RF sputtered SnO2: NiO thin films as sub-ppm H2S sensor operable at room temperature. Sens. Actuators B 242, 389–403 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2016.11.054 CrossRef

16.

H. Sun, S.C. Chen, P.J. Chen et al., P-type conductive NiOx: Cu thin films with high carrier mobility deposited by ion beam assisted deposition. Ceram. Int. (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.11.103 CrossRef

17.

A.M. Soleimanpour, A.H. Jayatissa, G. Sumanasekera, Surface and gas sensing properties of nanocrystalline nickel oxide thin films. Appl. Surf. Sci. 276, 291–297 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.03.085 CrossRef

18.

M. Predanocy, I. Hotový, M. Čaplovičová, Structural, optical and electrical properties of sputtered NiO thin films for gas detection. Appl. Surf. Sci. 395, 208–213 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.05.028 CrossRef

19.

J. Wang, P. Yang, X. Wei, Z. Zhou, Preparation of NiO two-dimensional grainy films and their high-performance gas sensors for ammonia detection. Nanoscale Res. Lett. 10, 1–6 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-015-0807-5 CrossRef

20.

Qi X, Su G, Bo G, et al (2015) Synthesis of NiO and NiO/TiO < inf> 2</inf> films with electrochromic and photocatalytic activities. Surf. Coat. Technol. 272:79–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2015.04.020 CrossRef

21.

F.I. Dar, K.R. Moonooswamy, M. Es-Souni, Morphology and property control of NiO nanostructures for supercapacitor applications. Nanoscale Res. Lett. 8, 1–7 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1186/1556-276X-8-363 CrossRef

22.

Y. Zhang, S. Wang, L. Chen et al., Solution-processed quantum dot light-emitting diodes based on NiO nanocrystals hole injection layer. Org. Electron. 44, 189–197 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2017.02.023 CrossRef

23.

R.S. Kate, S.A. Khalate, R.J. Deokate, Electrochemical properties of spray deposited nickel oxide (NiO) thin films for energy storage systems. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol. 125, 289–295 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2017.03.014 CrossRef

24.

F. Chandoul, A. Boukhachem, F. Hosni et al., Change of the properties of nanostructured MoO3thin films using gamma-ray irradiation. Ceram. Int. 44, 12483–12490 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.04.040 CrossRef

25.

P.S. Patil, L.D. Kadam, Preparation and characterization of spray pyrolyzed nickel oxide (NiO) thin films. Appl. Surf. Sci. 199, 211–221 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-4332(02)00839-5 CrossRef

26.

K.O. Ukoba, A.C. Eloka-Eboka, F.L. Inambao (2017) Review of nanostructured NiO thin film deposition using the spray pyrolysis technique. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 0–1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.10.041

27.

M. Shkir, V. Ganesh, S. AlFaify et al., Tailoring the linear and nonlinear optical properties of NiO thin films through Cr³⁺doping. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 0, 6446–6457 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-018-8626-y CrossRef

28.

E. Turgut, Ö Çoban, S. Sarıtaş et al., Oxygen partial pressure effects on the RF sputtered p-type NiO hydrogen gas sensors. Appl. Surf. Sci. 435, 880–885 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.11.133 CrossRef

29.

P. Ravikumar, D. Taparia, P. Alagarsamy, Thickness-dependent thermal oxidation of Ni into NiO thin films. J. Supercond. Novel Magn. 1–15 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-018-4651-6 CrossRef

30.

M. Ravikumar, R. Chandramohan, K.D.A. Kumar et al., Effect of Gd3 + doping on key structural, morphological, optical, and electrical properties of CdO thin films fabricated by spray pyrolysis using perfume atomizer. J. Sol-Gel. Sci. Technol. (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-017-4528-3 CrossRef

31.

S.A. Khalate, R.S. Kate, H.M. Pathan, R.J. Deokate (2017) Structural and electrochemical properties of spray deposited molybdenum trioxide (??-MoO3) thin films. J. Solid State Electrochem. 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-017-3540-4

32.

S.E. Materials, E. Studies (1988) ZI. Undoped SnOz films. 17:99–117

33.

M. Ben Amor, A. Boukhachem, A. Labidi et al., Physical investigations on Cd doped NiO thin films along with ethanol sensing at relatively low temperature. J. Alloy. Compd. 693, 490–499 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.09.207 CrossRef

34.

G. Umadevi (2018) Concentration dependent structural, morphological, spectral, optical and electrical properties of spray pyrolyzed NiO thin films. Silicon 10, 2023–2029CrossRef

35.

C. Mrabet, M. Ben Amor, A. Boukhachem et al., Physical properties of La-doped NiO sprayed thin films for optoelectronic and sensor applications. Ceram. Int. (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2015.12.144 CrossRef

36.

A. Boukhachem, M. Mokhtari, N. Benameur et al., Structural optical magnetic properties of Co doped α-MoO3 sprayed thin films. Sens. Actuators A 253, 198–209 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2016.11.032 CrossRef

37.

D. İskenderoğlu, H. Güney, Synthesis and characterization of ZnO:Ni thin films grown by spray-deposition. Ceram. Int. 43, 16593–16599 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.09.047 CrossRef

38.

A.C. Anithaa, K. Asokan, C. Sekar, Highly sensitive and selective serotonin sensor based on gamma ray irradiated tungsten trioxide nanoparticles. Sens. Actuators B 238, 667–675 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2016.07.098 CrossRef

39.

A. Alyamani, N. Mustapha, Effects of high dose gamma irradiation on ITO thin film properties. Thin Solid Films 611, 27–32 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2016.05.022 CrossRef

40.

A. Mhamdi, R. Mimouni, A. Amlouk et al., Study of copper doping effects on structural, optical and electrical properties of sprayed ZnO thin films. J. Alloy. Compd. 610, 250–257 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.04.007 CrossRef

41.

U. Canci Matur, N. Baydogan, Changes in gamma attenuation behaviour of sol-gel derived CIGS thin film irradiated using Co-60 radioisotope. J. Alloy. Compd. 695, 1405–1413 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.10.265 CrossRef

42.

X. Chen, L. Zhao, Q. Niu, Electrical and optical properties of p-type Li,Cu-codoped NiO thin films. J. Electron. Mater. 41, 3382–3386 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-012-2213-4 CrossRef

43.

N.A. Noor Azmy, A.A. Ahmad, N. Arsad et al., Enhancement of ZnO-rGO nanocomposite thin films by gamma radiation for E. coli sensor. Appl. Surf. Sci. 392, 1134–1143 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.09.144 CrossRef

44.

M.M. El-Nahass, H.A. Zayed, E.E. Elgarhy, A.M. Hassanien, Effect of γ- irradiation on structural, optical and electrical properties of thermally evaporated iron (III) chloride tetraphenylporphyrin thin films. Radiat. Phys. Chem. 139, 173–178 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2017.05.008 CrossRef

45.

A.A.A. Darwish, S.A.M. Issa, M.M. El-Nahass, Effect of gamma irradiation on structural, electrical and optical properties of nanostructure thin films of nickel phthalocyanine. Synth. Met. 215, 200–206 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2016.03.002 CrossRef

46.

B.N.F. Mott, E. Processes, N.M. Clarendon-press, N. Stoffe (1972) I 7 i 4 i 1972 1. 55–56

47.

Z. Wang, L. Cheng, Gamma ray irradiation-induced variations in structure and optical properties of cerium/titanium-doped oxyfluoride transparent glass-ceramics. Mater. Res. Bull. 92, 104–112 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2017.04.010 CrossRef

48.

F.R.T. Rlini (1953) Optical properties of thin films of cadmium sulfide. JOSA 44:1953–1955

49.

M.M. Gomaa, G.R. Yazdi, S. Schmidt et al., Effect of precursor solutions on the structural and optical properties of sprayed NiO thin films. Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 64, 32–38 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2017.03.009 CrossRef

50.

S. Mochizuki, T. Saito, Intrinsic and defect-related luminescence of NiO. Physica B 404, 4850–4853 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2009.08.166 CrossRef

51.

A. Loukil, A. Boukhachem, M. Ben Amor et al. (2015) Effects of potassium incorporation on the structural, optical, vibrational and electrical properties of NiO sprayed thin films for p-type optical windows. Ceram. Int. 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.02.040

52.

L.W. Hobbs, A.N. Sreeram, C.E. Jesurum, B.A. Berger, Structural freedom, topological disorder, and the irradiation-induced amorphization of ceramic structures. Nucl Instrum Methods. Phys. Res. Sect. B 116, 18–25 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-583X(96)00004-3 CrossRef

53.

F. Piao, W.G. Oldham, E.E. Haller, Mechanism of radiation-induced compaction in vitreous silica. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 276, 61–71 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3093(00)00263-5 CrossRef

54.

H. Wang, H. Yi, X. Chen, X. Wang, Facile synthesis of a nano-structured nickel oxide electrode with outstanding pseudocapacitive properties. Electrochim. Acta 105, 353–361 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2013.05.031 CrossRef

55.

S.S. Nkosi, B. Yalisi, D.E. Motaung et al., Antiferromagnetic-paramagnetic state transition of NiO synthesized by pulsed laser deposition. Appl. Surf. Sci. 265, 860–864 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2012.11.134 CrossRef

56.

S.-H. Lee, H.M. Cheong, N.-G. Park et al., Raman spectroscopic studies of Ni–W oxide thin films. Solid State Ionics 140, 135–139 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-2738(01)00707-X CrossRef

57.

V. Panneerselvam, K. Kumar, C. Shyju et al., Role of copper / vanadium on the optoelectronic properties of reactive RF magnetron sputtered NiO thin films. Appl. Nanosci. 0, 0 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-018-0784-y CrossRef

58.

X. Luo, L.T. Tseng, S. Li, J.B. Yi, Room temperature ferromagnetic ordering of NiO films through exchange coupling. Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 30, 228–232 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2014.10.009 CrossRef

59.

I.G. Madiba, N. Émond, M. Chaker et al. (2017) Effects of gamma irradiations on reactive pulsed laser deposited vanadium dioxide thin films. Appl. Surf. Sci. 411:. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.03.131

60.

R. Kumar, C. Baratto, G. Faglia et al., Tailoring the textured surface of porous nanostructured NiO thin films for the detection of pollutant gases. Thin Solid Films 583, 233–238 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2015.04.004 CrossRef

61.

R.E. Dietz, G.I. Parisot, A.E. Meixner, Infrared absorption and Raman scattering by two-magnon processes in NiO. J. Appl. Phys. 42, 1484 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1660309 CrossRef

62.

X. Yang, W. Liu, G. Pan, Y. Sun, Materials modulation of oxygen in NiO: Cu films toward a physical insight of NiO : Cu / c-Si heterojunction solar cells. J. Mater. Sci. doi (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-018-2430-1 CrossRef

63.

K.M. Abhirami, R. Sathyamoorthy, K. Asokan, Structural, optical and electrical properties of gamma irradiated SnO thin films. Radiat. Phys. Chem. 91, 35–39 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2013.05.030 CrossRef

64.

X.H. Huang, J.P. Tu, X.H. Xia et al., Nickel foam-supported porous NiO/polyaniline film as anode for lithium ion batteries. Electrochem. Commun. 10, 1288–1290 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2008.06.020 CrossRef

65.

S. Jana, S. Samai, B.C. Mitra et al., Nickel oxide thin film from electrodeposited nickel sulfide thin film: peroxide sensing and photo-decomposition of phenol. Dalton Trans. 43, 13096 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1039/C4DT01658K CrossRef

66.

A.C. Sonavane, A.I. Inamdar, P.S. Shinde et al., Efficient electrochromic nickel oxide thin films by electrodeposition. J. Alloy. Compd. 489, 667–673 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.09.146 CrossRef

67.

M.M. Gomaa, M. Boshta, B.S. Farag, M.B.S. Osman, Structural and optical properties of nickel oxide thin films prepared by chemical bath deposition and by spray pyrolysis techniques. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 27, 711–717 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-015-3807-4 CrossRef

68.

M.R. Das, A. Mukherjee, P. Mitra, Influence of Cu incorporation on ionic conductivity and dielectric relaxation mechanism in NiO thin films synthesized by CBD. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 29, 1216–1231 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-017-8024-x CrossRef

Titel: Investigation of the properties of nanostructured nickel oxide NiO thin films irradiated at different γ-doses
verfasst von: Faycal Chandoul
Hatem Moussa
Karima Jouini
Abdelwaheb Boukhachem
Faouzi Hosni
Mohamed Slim Fayache
Raphaël Schneider
Publikationsdatum: 27.10.2018
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics / Ausgabe 1/2019
Print ISSN: 0957-4522
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-482X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-018-0299-z

Neuer Inhalt

Bildnachweise

VDI-Icon, Profil Icon, inhalt2, Springer Professional Modul/© Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, Nachhaltigkeitsaward Key Visual/© Cometis AG/Global ESG Monitor | Daniel Rupp | Generiert mit KI, Search Icon, Banner Hanser, Kryptowährungen/© gopixa / Getty Images / iStock, MG4 aus China auf dem Prüfstand im ADAC-Technik-Zentrum in Landsberg am Lech/© ADAC e.V., Chassis eines Elektrofahrzeugs/© chesky / stock.adobe.com, Zeitschrift Wissensmanagement Cover, PatentFit-Logo/© Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, Sustainibility Finance/© Robert Kneschke / stock.adobe.com / Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, Zukunftswerkstatt Sales Excellence 2024/© AndreyPopov / Getty Images / iStock, 2023_Antrieb/© supervisuell

Springer Professional

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu Ihrer Lizenz zu erhalten.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1/2019

Investigation of local atomic structure of Ni doped SnO2 thin films via X-ray absorption spectroscopy and their magnetic properties

Sintering characteristics, crystal structure, and microwave dielectric properties of Li2(Mg0.9A0.1)4TiO7 (A = Co2+, Ni2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Ca2+)

Photoelectrochemical water splitting properties of CdS/TiO2 nanofibers-based photoanode

Impact of low titanium concentration on the structural, electrical and dielectric properties of Pr0.75Bi0.05Sr0.1Ba0.1Mn1−xTixO3 (x = 0, 0.04) compounds

Electronic and optical behaviors of methylammonium and formamidinium lead trihalide perovskite materials

Photosensitization of optical band gap modified polyvinyl alcohol films with hybrid AgAlO2 nanoparticles

Neuer Inhalt

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu Ihrer Lizenz zu erhalten.

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu Ihrer Lizenz zu erhalten.