ISM-MICMAC Model-Based Construction Risk Evaluation for Green Retrofit Project of Public Buildings

As the risks in construction phase of public building green renovation projects are complex, a reasonable evaluation of the risk hierarchy, identification of key risk relationships, and analysis of risk transmission paths make an important foundation for making efficient risk control measures. In this study, 23 risk factors in the construction phase of public building green renovation projects were firstly sorted out, a four-level hierarchical structure of the risk system was derived by applying the ISM modeling method, combing with the MICMAC method to calculate the driving forces and dependencies of risk factors. And to divide the risk factors into three clusters: independent cluster, autonomous cluster, and dependency cluster. The results of the study can provide reference and decision-making ideas for risk management of green retrofit projects in public buildings. The model results show that risk factors including the policy, supervisory responsibility, technical management experience, personnel safety awareness, and equipment operation risks, as deep-level influencing factors, have a high driving force and strong influence, and should be actively controlled as risk sources. Contract and related management risks, which are at the surface level, are not only susceptible to the influence of other levels in the system but also have complex interactions within the levels.