Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are mostly implemented in outdoor and harsh environments; consequently, the probability of node failure is high and applying the fault tolerance mechanisms becomes crucial. The relay nodes placement is a mechanism …

Nowadays, Microstrip patch antennas (MPA) are commonly deployed in various applications as it has number of benefits like compatibility, lower volume, low weight, low cost and easiness to install on rigid surfaces. However, MPA is restricted with …

In this paper, we have considered the feedback channel for molecular communication in order to increase the rate of communication and also to reduce energy consumption by implementing the single and multipath techniques. The transmitter …

In recent days, the growth of wireless communication systems has greatly influenced the communication sectors. Especially, the technological advancements made in the UWB filters play a significant role in redesigning the UWB signals. In this …

The existing approaches of block based recovery of progressive secret sharing paradigm have support for limited $${k}$$ k value in (k, n). Sian et al.’s as well Quan et al.’s block based visual secret sharing scheme has limited bound; works for a …

Software defined networks (SDN) creates an environment for designing customized networks based on consumer needs. SDN can effectively apply the decoupling methods on the forwarding plane and the control plane. The SDN controller will forward the …

Speech is a natural way used by humans to communicate information. Speech signal conveys the linguistic information (the message) and lot of information about the speaker himself: Gender, age, regional origin, health and emotional state. Speech …

In today’s world of wireless networks the mobile ad-hoc networks are widely preferred as a communication medium as these are infrastructure less networks. The application layer of these networks is targeted by attackers because it is responsible …

Inter-satellite optical wireless communication (IsOWC) is a developing free-space optical technology used to communicate among satellites in space. At the same time, SAC-OCDMA (spectral amplitude coding optical code division multiple access) is an …

Mobile robot navigation has been a current issue in the most recent two decades. Mobile robots are necessary to explore in obscure and dynamic situations. To solve the aforementioned issues an extended Kalman filter (EKF) and adaptive Krill Herd …

Over the last few years, the computer vision has a huge impact in the field of information technology. The foundation for computer vision is laid by image processing. Digital Image Processing is one of the vast area of research; with three …

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of a large number of sensor nodes, which are primarily employed for collecting data from an environment of interest. Energy resources of WSN nodes are generally restricted, irreplaceable and …

The use of effective clustering algorithms can extend the life of wireless sensor networks. In general, the clustering algorithm should have the ability to reduce the energy requirement. Henceforth, this paper presents the particle swarm …

A 2 × 2 circularly polarized array is presented whose polarization diversity can be electronically controlled. The antenna array utilizes 180° rat-race and two pair of hybrid couplers. The antenna’s CPW feed-line comprises of a reconfigurable …

In this paper, performance of super dense wavelength division multiplexing system (SD-WDM) has been evaluated using RAMAN-EDFA-RAMAN hybrid optical amplifier (HOA). Performances have carried out for RZ-DPSK and CSRZ-DPSK alternate polarized …

Vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) has been considered as one of the most promising wireless sensor technologies, which could enhance driving convenience and traffic efficiency through real-time information interaction. Nevertheless, emerging …

With expanding realms of Internet of Things (IoT), researchers have started venturing into designing such algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) that support IoT network requirements. However, collaborating a sensor network into Internet of …

With the continuous development of network technology and the continuous expansion of network scale, the security of the network has suffered more threats, and the attacks facing them have become more and more extensive. The frequent occurrence of …

Data Dissemination is an essential transmitting method for a sensor network to the end-users across any set of interconnected frameworks. WSN is often used within an IoT system, in other words. As in a mesh network, a wide collection of sensors …

Augmented, mixed and virtual reality are changing the way people interact and communicate. Five dimensional communications and services, integrating information from all human senses are expected to emerge, together with holographic communications …