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Building Simulation OnlineFirst articles

Risk assessment of exhaled infectious aerosols transmission driven by natural ventilation in four nursing homes

  • Research Article

The severity and mortality rates associated with respiratory infectious diseases are notably elevated among older adults compared to younger populations. Nursing homes, which accommodate a considerable number of elderly individuals, are …

Integration of moisture effects into urban building energy modeling

  • Research Article

To address the limitations of current urban building energy modeling (UBEM), which often neglects moisture effects, we developed a comprehensive roadmap for modeling urban heat and moisture flows. This effort included developing an urban-scale …

Factors evaluation of PM2.5 diffusion in street canyons in Dalian based on numerical simulation

  • Research Article

The diffusion of particulate matter in street canyons is related to pedestrian health. There are many factors that affect the diffusion of particulate matter. However, previous studies usually focused on one single factor or two factors. A factor …

Investigation of ventilation performance in the multi-story building with various envelope features: Scaled outdoor experiments

  • Research Article

Previous research was limited to flat-façade buildings when evaluating the indoor and outdoor ventilation performance in a multi-story building. However, envelope features can provide the shading effect to induce the temperature difference between …

Developing surrogate models for the early-stage design of residential blocks using graph neural networks

  • Open Access
  • Research Article

Building simulation based on physical modeling is commonly adopted for performance prediction, but the high time costs hinder its application in the early design stage of buildings. Data-driven surrogate models have been proposed as a means to …

The impact of the three-dimensional greening index on pedestrian thermal comfort in summer street canyons

  • Research Article

Trees have been proven to be an effective measure for improving thermal comfort in urban street canyons. Crown height (CH) and tree coverage ratio (TCR) are key factors for shading and cooling efficiency. However, the combined effect of these …

Performance analysis and optimization of phase change material photovoltaic/thermoelectric hybrid system based on dual thermal channel

  • Research Article

Photovoltaic cells are cooled by PCM and TEG to obtain better power generation performance. However, the thermal buildup of the PCM limits the power generation of the system. A photovoltaic phase change material hybrid thermoelectric power …

Research on non-uniform heat transfer testing of prefabricated walls based on infrared images

  • Research Article

The combination of prefabricated type and low energy consumption has become the core development trend of the construction industry. However, existing studies often overlook non-uniform heat transfer testing of prefabricated walls based on …

Wind impacts on buildings in Hong Kong during super Typhoon Mangkhut

  • Open Access
  • Research Article

Typhoons, among the most devastating natural hazards, have caused billions in property losses and posed significant threats to human safety globally. Damage to urban structures, particularly building windows, constitutes a major component of …

Large language models for building energy applications: Opportunities and challenges

  • Perspective

Large language models (LLMs) are gaining attention due to their potential to enhance efficiency and sustainability in the building domain, a critical area for reducing global carbon emissions. Built on transformer architectures, LLMs excel at text …

Flexibility evaluation and optimal scheduling of flexible energy loads considering association characteristics in residential buildings

  • Research Article

The existing researches on the flexibility evaluation and optimal scheduling of flexible loads in residential buildings do not fully consider the association characteristics of different loads, resulting in a large deviation between the calculated …

Enhanced reinforcement learning-model predictive control for distributed energy systems: Overcoming local and global optimization limitations

  • Research Article

The complex structures of distributed energy systems (DES) and uncertainties arising from renewable energy sources and user load variations pose significant operational challenges. Model predictive control (MPC) and reinforcement learning (RL) are …

Numerical study on the application of low-turbulence air curtain surrounding laminar airflow distribution in operating rooms

  • Open Access
  • Research Article

Laminar airflow (LAF) is essential for maintaining a sterile environment in operating rooms, but its rapid unidirectional flow decay leads to low airflow efficiency and increases energy consumption. The objective of this study is to investigate …

Impact of interior material selection on the concentration levels of formaldehyde in vehicle cabin environment

  • Research Article

Air pollution in vehicle cabin environment has gained increasing concern recently. This study addresses the necessity to predict and regulate the emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from interior materials to improve in-cabin air …

Day-ahead energy management of a smart building energy system aggregated with electrical vehicles based on distributionally robust optimization

  • Research Article

With the adjustment of the energy structure and the rapid development of commercial complex buildings, building energy systems (BES) are playing an increasingly important role. To fully utilize smart building management techniques for coordinating …

A method for quantitatively evaluating the impact of defects on wall U-value using infrared thermal imaging

  • Research Article

The presence of walls’ thermal defects can lead to large deviations between predicted and actual values of energy consumption. Infrared images have been used to compare the differences in U-value (heat transfer coefficient) and heat flow between …

Critical factors to formatting and stabilizing the vortex flow in the vortex ventilation system

  • Research Article

Vortex ventilation, which utilizes vortex airflow to effectively transport pollutants over long distances, is a promising method for pollution control in large spatial structures. The performance of vortex ventilation heavily depends on the stable …

Influence of input uncertainty on the 1-D hygrothermal simulation of composite walls in China

  • Research Article

In hygrothermal simulations, uncertainties in input parameters affect the reliability of outputs, potentially leading to erroneous judgments about building performance. This study proposes a probabilistic method to comprehensively evaluate input …

Bridging performance gap for existing buildings: The role of calibration and the cascading effect

  • Research Article

Calibrating the building energy simulation (BES) models is a typical way to bridge energy performance gaps for existing buildings. Currently, evidence-based and data-driven calibration are both widely used and have their advantages and …