nach oben

Erschienen in:

2017 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

3. Land Contamination Legislation in China: The Emerging Challenges

verfasst von : Xiaobo Zhao

Erschienen in: Environmental Policy and Governance in China

Verlag: Springer Japan

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

This paper examines the Chinese system and its problems in managing contaminated land. China is facing deteriorated land contamination and the management of contaminated land is now assuming greater attention in Chinese debates. A national framework on contaminated land management has been under preparation. Over the past decades, environmental laws and regulations have been developed in China to address contaminated land issues. A number of different mechanisms have therefore been established. However, the existing management system appears to be ineffective. By examining the practices of some leading nations, e.g. the USA and UK, some suggestions are provided which might be helpful for China to improve its management of contaminated land. The author argues that a systematic contaminated land remediation mechanism, a sounder liability scheme and a more effective financial assistance scheme should be considered by the Chinese legislature in developing a national regime for contaminated land.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Vorheriges Kapitel Evolution of Environmental Thought and Enforcement of Environmental Protection Legislation in China: The Status Quo

Nächstes Kapitel Environmental Management System in China: The Target Achieving Process

Chen, Huaiman (2005) Huan Jing Tu Rang Xue. Science Press, Beijing, p 8.

Wong, Ming-Hung and Bradshaw, Anthony D. (2002) The Restoration and Management of Derelict Land: Modern Approaches. World Scientific Publication, Singapore, p 19.

Wong, Edward, Pollution Rising (2013) Chinese Fear for Soil and Food. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/31/world/asia/good-earth-no-more-soil-pollution-plagues-chinese-countryside.html?_r=0. Accessed 20 May 2015.

China MEP (2013) Soil Pollution and Physical Health. Environmental Science Publishing House, Beijing.

China MEP (2014), Gazette of the National Soil Pollution Survey. http://www.zhb.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/qt/201404/W020140417558995804588.pdf. Accessed 20 May 2015.

Grazer, Walter (2009) Catholics going green: a small-group guide for learning and living environmental justice. Ave Maria Press, USA

Ritter, William F. and Shiromohammadi, Adel (eds) (2001) Agricultural nonpoint source pollution: watershed management and hydrology. CRC Press, USA, p 1.

Zhao, Xiaobo (2013) Developing an appropriate contaminated land regime in China: lessons learned from the US and UK. Springer, Heidelberg, p 11.CrossRef

CCICED Special Policy Groupon Environmental Issues Facing New Rural Development (2006) Environmental Issues and Countermeasures Facing New Rural Development in China. http://www.cciced.net/encciced/policyresearch/report/201205/U020120529451221797895.pdf. Accessed 20 May, 2015.

Zhu, Wendong (2007) The Impact of Sewage Irrigation on Farm Production. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Science 35(12): 3623–3635

Conradie, Ernst M. et al (2000) A Rainbow over the Land: A South African Guide on the Church and Environmental Justice, Western Cape Provincial Council of Churches, South Africa.

National Bureau of Statistics of China and Ministry of Environmental Protection of China (2009) China Environment Statistical Yearbook. China Statistics Press, Beijing.

Gould, Kenneth A. and Lewis, Tammy L. (eds) (2009) Twenty Lessons in Environmental Sociology. Oxford University Press, London.

Project Group of National Program on the Development of Basic Research (973 Programme) (2007) Newsletter for the Soil and Air Quality Changing Regularity and Rule of Control in Yangtze River and Pearl, 2007.

Luo, Lei et al (2009) An inventory of trace element inputs to agricultural soils in China. Journal of Environmental Management 90(8): 2524–30. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.01.011

Wongapril, Edward (2014) One-Fifth of China’s Farmland Is Polluted, State Study Finds. Available via http://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/18/world/asia/one-fifth-of-chinas-farmland-is-polluted-state-report-finds.html?_r=0. Accessed 20 May 2015.

Lin, Ching-Fu (2013) Taking China’s Food Safety Problem Seriously (I). https://blogs.law.harvard.edu/billofhealth/2013/10/10/taking-chinas-food-safety-problem-seriously-i/. Accessed 20 May 2015.

People’s Daily Online (2010), Some Chinese cigarettes high in heavy metal content. Avail via http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90001/90782/90872/7160898.html. Accessed 20 May 2015.

Li, Zijun (2006) Soil Quality Deteriorating in China, Threatening Public Health and Ecosystems. http://www.worldwatch.org/node/4419. Accessed 20 May 2015.

Chen, Huaiman (2002), Behavior of Chemicals in Soils and Environmental Quality. Scientific Publishing Company, Beijing.

Liu, Enfeng et al (2005) Geochemical features of heavy metals in core sediments of northwestern Taihu Lake, China. Chinese Journal of Geochemistry 24(1): 73–81CrossRef

Jin, Zhangdong et al (2010) Concentrations and contamination trends of heavy metals in the sediment cores of Taihu Lake, East China, and their relationship with historical eutrophication. Chinese Journal of Geochemistry 29(1): 33–41.CrossRef

Qi, Xiaomiao (2009) Contaminated Land Remediation in China is Still a Vacancy-an interview to Zhou Qixing. Science News Bi-weekly 20.

National People’s Congress (2014) The Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China. Order No 22.

National People’s Congress (2004a) The Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Wastes. Order No 31.

National People’s Congress (2004b) The Land Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China. Order No 28.

National People’s Congress (2002) The Agriculture Law of the People’s Republic of China. Order No 81.

General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China (2002) Regulation on Pollution-free Agricultural Product Management (2002).

China State Council (1989) The Rules on Land Reclamation.

China State Council (2000) The Rules for Implementation of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution. Order No 284.

China State Council (1994)The Regulations on Nature Reserves of the PRC. Decree No 167.

China SEPA (2004) The Notice on Readying for Preventing Environmental Pollution when Enterprises Make Move. Decree No 47, 1 Jun 2004.

China MEP (2009a) Interim Measures for the Soil Environment Management of Contaminated Sites (Draft). Decree No 1321.

China MEP (2009b) The Measures on the Management of Environmental Standards. Decree No 3.

China MEP (2009c) Guidelines for Contaminated Site Risk Assessment. Decree No [2009] 1020.

China MEP (2009d) Guidelines for Soil Remediation of Contaminated Sites. Decree No [2009]1312.

China MEP (2010a) Gazette of China’s Environmental Protection.

China MEP (2010b) Technical Guidelines for Environmental Monitoring of Sites. Decree No [2010] 99.

Zhou, Wenyin (2011) Interim Measures for the Soil Environment Management of Contaminated Sites Got Approved by the EPM Committee Conference. http://www.zhb.gov.cn/zhxx/hjyw/201103/t20110325_207637.htm. Accessed 20 May 2015.

China SEPA (1996) Environmental Quality Standard for Soils. GB15618–1995.

China SEPA (1999) The Environmental Quality Risk Assessment Criteria for Soil at Manufacturing Facilities. HJ/T 25–1999.

Shenyang Environmental Protection Bureau (2007) The Measures for Contaminated Sites Governance and Remediation of Shengyang City. Decree No. 87.

Chongqing City Council (2008) Notice on Strengthening Industrial Contaminated Sites Treatment and Remediation. Decree No 208.

Wang, Shuyi (2008) Some Considerations on Promulgating ‘Soil Contamination Prevention and Control Law’, Law Review of Wuhan University 2008(3): 73–78(in Chinese)

General Office of MEP (2009) Announcement about Amending Soil Environmental Quality Standard. Decree No [2009] 918.

OECD (2009a) OECD Rural Policy Review: China, OECD.

OECD (2009b) Ensuring Environmental Compliance: Trends and Good Practices. OECD.

Brandon, Elizabeth (2013) Global Approaches to Site Contamination Law. Springer, p 100.

Switzer, C.S., Bulan, L.A. (2002) CERCLA: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (Superfund). American Bar Association, Chicago, p 3.

Gert de Roo (2003) Environmental planning in the Netherlands: too good to be true – from command-and-Control planning to shared governance, 168–169.

Cui, Qingxin and Wang, Sibei (2013) The 12th Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress Published the Legislation Plan. http://www.npc.gov.cn/npc/zgrdzz/2013-12/12/content_1816288.htm. Accessed 20 May 2015.

McCaffrey, C. et al (2003) Guidance on Assessing the Risk Posed by Land Contamination and its Remediation on Archaeological Resource Management. Environment Agency, UK. http://www.helm.org.uk/upload/pdf/Full_Guidance_on_Assessing_the_Risk_Posed_by_Land_Contamination_and_its_Remediation_on_Archaeological_Resource_Management.pdf.

Landcare Research (2012) Risk assessment for contaminated sites in New Zealand. Available at http://contamsites.landcareresearch.co.nz/risk_assessment_fundamentals.htm. Accessed 20 May 2015.

Luo, Qishi et al (2009) Risk-based management of contaminated land in the UK: Lessons for China? Journal of Environmental Management 90(2): 1123–1134.doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.05.001.CrossRef

Boyd, James (1999) Environmental Remediation Law and Economies in Transition. http://www.rff.org/Documents/RFF-DP-99-21.pdf. Resources for the Future, Washington.

Dept. for Food and Rural Affairs (UK) (2006) Department for Environment Environmental Protection Act 1990: part 2A contaminated land. http://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/quality/land/contaminated/documents/circular01-2006.pdf. Accessed 20 May 2015.

Public Law No 96–510, 94 Stat 2767 (1980) (codified as amended at 42 USC§§9601–75 (2006)).

Fogelman, Valerie (2005) Environmental Liabilities and Insurance in England and the United States. Witherby, UK.

Swiss Re (2011) Environmental Pollution Liability Insurance in China: A Bumpy Road Leading to A Bright Prospect. http://www.swissre.com/clients/insurers/property_casualty/Environmental_pollution_liability_insurance_in_China.html. Accessed 20 May 2015.

Xiong, Ying et al (2007) Suppositions of China’s Environment Pollution Liability Insurance. Modern Law Science 29(1): 24–28 (in Chinese).

Zhang, Yingbin and Wang, Xiaohui (2010) Study on the Environmental Liability Insurance Legal System in China. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (Social Science edition) 23(4): 72–75.

Davis, Todd S. and Sherman, Scott A. (2010) Brownfields: a comprehensive guide to redeveloping contaminated property (3rd ed). American Bar Association, USA.

Tromans, Stephen and Turrall-Clarke, Robert (2008) Contaminated Land, 2nd edn. Sweet & Maxwell, London.

Bartsch, Charles and Wells, Barbara (2003) Financing Strategies for Brownfield Cleanup and Redevelopment. Northeast-Midwest Institute, Washington, DC. http://brownfield.cberdata.org/files/Bartsch%20and%20Wells,%20 %282003 %29.pdf. Accessed 20 May, 2015.

US EPA (2010) Proposal Guidelines for Brownfields Revolving Loan Fund Grants. http://www.ct.gov/dep/lib/dep/site_clean_up/brownfields/bfrlfgrantfy11guidelines.pdf. Accessed 20 May, 2015.

Titel: Land Contamination Legislation in China: The Emerging Challenges
verfasst von: Xiaobo Zhao
Verlag: Springer Japan
Buch: Environmental Policy and Governance in China
Print ISBN: 978-4-431-56488-1

Electronic ISBN: 978-4-431-56490-4

Copyright-Jahr: 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56490-4_3